The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV: The Mughul Period v4.c24: Bibliography

The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV: The Mughul Period v4.c24

Language: English

v4.c24.s1 General — 4 parts
v4.c24.s2 Chapter I. Bābur — 5 parts
v4.c24.s3 Chapter II. Humāyūn — 4 parts
v4.c24.s4 Chapter III. Sher Shāh — 4 parts
v4.c24.s5 Chapters IV and V. Akbar — 18 parts
v4.c24.s6 Chapter VI. Jahāngīr — 17 parts
v4.c24.s7 Chapter VII. Shāh Jahān — 4 parts
v4.c24.s8 Chapter VIII and X. Aurangzīb — 99 parts
v4.c24.s9 Chapter XIII. The Hyderābād State, 1724–1762 — 45 parts
v4.c24.s10 Chapter XVI. The Revenue System of the Mughul Empire — 22 parts
v4.c24.s11 Chapter XVII. Burma (1531–1782) — 60 parts

Bibliography

General

Burgess, J. The Chronology of Modern India. Edinburgh, 1913. Elliot, H. M. and Dowson, J. The History of India, as told by its own Historians. 8 vols. 1867–77. Hodivala, S. H. Historical Studies in Mughal Numismatics. Calcutta, 1923. Keene, H. G. Fall of the Moghul Empire. 1887. Lane-Poole, S. Mediaeval India under Muhammadan rule. 1902.

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B. NUMISMATIC

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Catalogues of Moghul coins in Museums: British Museum. By S. Lane-Poole. 1892. Calcutta. By H. Nelson Wright. 1908. Lahore. By R. B. Whitehead. 1914. Lucknow. By C. J. Brown. 2 vols. 1920. Numismatic Supplement to the *Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal*. Calcutta, from 1904. Index to Num. Supp. i–xv. Allahabad, 1912. Whitehead, R. B. Coins of Nādir Shāh and the Durrānī Dynasty. 1934.

Chapter I. Bābur

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Memoirs of Bābur: *Turkī text.* (*a*) Edited by N. Ilminski. 1857. (*b*) Facsimile of Hyderābād Codex, edited by A. S. Beveridge. 1905. *Persian Versions.* (*a*) By Pāyandah Hasan. (*b*) By Mīrzā ‘Abdu’r-Rahīm. *European translations.* (*a*) By J. Leyden and W. Erskine of ‘Abdu’r-Rahīm’s Persian version. 1826. Revised by Sir L. King. 1921. (*b*) By A. Pavet de Courteille, from Ilminski’s text. 1871. (*c*) By A. S. Beveridge, from the Hyderābād Codex. 1921. Tārīkh-i-Rashīdī. By Muhammad Haidar Dughlāt. Translation of the Persian text by N. Elias and E. Denison Ross. 1895. Habīb-us-Siyar. By Khvānd Amīr. Persian text, lithographed. Teheran, 1855 and Bombay, 1857. Ahsan-us-Siyar. By Mīrzā Barkhwardār Turkmān. Shaibānī-nāma. By Muhammad Sālih. Turkī text and German translation by H. Vambéry. 1885. Text edited by P. M. Melioransky and A. N. Samoïlovich. 1908. Tārīkh-i-‘Ālamārāi ‘Abbāsī. By Iskandar Munshī. Persian manuscript in the Bodleian. (Fraser 144, 147, 145.) Lithographed. Teheran, 1896. Humāyūn-nāma. By Gulbadan Begam. Persian text, edited and translated by A. S. Beveridge. 1902.

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Tārīkh-i-Haqqī. By ‘Abdul-Haqq ibn Saif-ud-Dīn Dihlavī. Persian manuscript in the Bodleian. (Fraser 132.) Ahsan-ut-Tawārīkh. By Hasan. Persian manuscript in the Bodleian. (Ouseley 232.) Tārīkh-i-Firishta. By Muhammad Qāsim called Firishta. Persian text, edited by J. Briggs. 1831. Lithographed edition, Lucknow, 1864. Translation by J. Briggs. London, 1829; reprinted Calcutta, 1908. Tabaqāt-i-Akbarī. By Nizām-ud-Dīn Ahmad ibn Muhammad Muqīm. Persian manuscript in Bodleian. (Elliot 381.) Edited and translated by B. De. (*Bibliotheca Indica.*) In progress, 1913– . Akbar-nāma. By Abu-’l-Fazl. Persian text, edited by Āghā Ahmad ‘Alī and Maulavī ‘Abd-ur-Rahīm. (*Bibliotheca Indica.*) 1877–87. Translation, by H. Beveridge. (*Bibliotheca Indica.*) In progress, 1903– .

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2. MODERN WORKS

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Caldecott, R. M. The life of Baber. 1844. Edwardes, S. M. Bābur: diarist and despot. 1926. Erskine, W. A history of India under...Bāber and Humāyūn. 1854. Grenard, Fernand. Baber, first of the Moguls. Translated and adapted by Homer White and Richard Glaenzer. 1930. Poole, S. Lane. Bābar. (Rulers of India.) 1899. Williams, L. F. Rushbrook. An empire builder of the sixteenth century...Babur. (Allahabad University Publications, no. 3.) 1918.

Chapter II. Humāyūn

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Memoirs of Bābur, see chap. 1. Tārīkh-i-Rashīdī, see chap. 1. Humāyūn-nāma, see chap. 1. Humāyūn-nāma. By Khvānd Amīr. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, v, 116–26. Tārīkh-i-Gujarāt. By ‘Abdullah Muhammad. Edited by E. Denison Ross. 1910, 1921 and 1928. Tezkereh-ul-Vākiát. By Jauhar. Translated by C. Stewart. 1832. Memoirs of Bāyazīd. (India Office Library, MS. 216, 223.) Abstract in English by H. Beveridge, *J.A.S.B.* 1898, p. 296.

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2. MODERN WORKS

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Erskine, W. History of India, see chap. 1.

Chapter III. Sher Shāh

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Tārīkh-i-Sher Shāhī. By ‘Abbās Sarwānī. Translated in Elliot and Dowson, iv, 305–433. Makhzan-i-Afghāna. By Ni‘mat-Ullah. Translated by B. Dorn in *History of the Afghāns.* 1829.

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Tārīkh-i-Dāūdī. By ‘Abdullah. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, IV, 434–513. Memoirs of Bābur, Tārīkh-i-Rashīdī, Humāyūn-nāma, Tabaqāt-i-Akbarī, Akbar-nāma, see chap. I.

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BHATTASALI, N. K. The date of Sher Shāh’s accession. *Islamic Review*, 1936, p. 127. ERSKINE, W. History of India, see chap. I. KĀLIKĀRANJAN QĀNŪNGO. Sher Shāh. Calcutta, 1921. PARAMATMA SARAN. The date and place of Sher Shāh’s birth. *Journal, Bihar and Orissa Research Society*, 1934, p. 108.

Chapters IV and V. Akbar

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I. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Akbar-nāma. By Shaikh Abu-’l-Fazl. Published by the A.S.B. in the *Bibliotheca Indica* series. Text, 3 volumes. A most valuable chronicle of Akbar’s reign and the principal authority for dates and bare facts. When it goes beyond these it is highly coloured by Abu-’l-Fazl’s adulation of his master. The *Akbar-nāma* has been translated into English by Mr H. Beveridge and published by the A.S.B. in the same series. Āīn-i-Akbarī. By Shaikh Abu-’l-Fazl. Published by the A.S.B. in the *Bibliotheca Indica* series. Text, 3 volumes. English translation in the same series, three volumes, vol. I by Blochmann and vols. II and III by Jarrett. The translation of vol. I is generally accurate but its chief value lies in the copious notes and appendices with which the erudition of Mr Blochmann has enriched it. The translation of vols. II and III is excellent and the notes are ample,¹ but the statistical account of the provinces in vol. II is marred by failure to identify place names. The *Āīn-i-Akbarī* contains a code of Akbar’s regulations in all departments and on all subjects and includes, besides some extraneous matter, a valuable and minute statistical account of his empire, with historical and other notes. Muntakhab-ut-Tawārīkh. By ‘Abdul-Qādir Badāūni. Also known as *Tārīkh-i-Badāūni*. Published by the A.S.B. in the *Bibliotheca Indica* series. Text, 3 volumes. English translation in the same series. Vol. I by Lt.-Col. Ranking, vol. II by the Rev. W. H. Lowe, vol. III by Lt.-Col. Haig. The book, being written from the point of view taken by a bigoted Sunnī, is of the highest value as a check on the turgid panegyric composed by the latitudinarian Abu-’l-Fazl. Tabaqāt-i-Akbarī. By Khvāja Nizām-ud-dīn Ahmad. Text, Lucknow lithographed edition of A.H. 1292 (A.D. 1875). A dry chronicle of events, without comment, written by a highly placed and therefore cautious official. The chronology is faulty but the work is specially valuable for a record of events in Gujarāt, where the author was much employed. It is brought down to the thirty-ninth year of the reign. Tārīkh-i-Firishta. Bombay lithographed text of 1832. A mere compilation, which contains, however, a few interesting items of information, especially relating to the Deccan, contributed by the author from his own personal knowledge. Darbār-i-Akbarī (in Urdu). By Shams-ul-‘Ulamā Maulānā Maulavī Muhammad Husain, Āzād. Rifāh-i-‘Āmm Press, Lahore, 1898. A useful compilation, based chiefly on the works of Abu-’l-Fazl.

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¹ Except on administrative matters [Ed.].

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Inshā-i-Abu-’l-Fazl. A collection of official dispatches written by Shaikh Abu-’l-Fazl, and interesting as throwing much light on Akbar’s relations with his neighbours and with his own nobles and officers, but prolix, pompous, and tedious. Lucknow lithographed edition of a.h. 1279 (a.d. 1862).

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Zubdat-ut-Tawārīkh. By Shaikh Nūr-ul-Haqq. MSS.

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Tārīkh-i-Haqqī. By Shaikh ‘Abdul-Haqq, father of the preceding. MSS. (a.d. 1596–7).

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Mongolicae Legationis Commentarius. By Fr. Anthony Monserrate, S.J. Latin text published in *Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal*, iii, no. 9, 1914. English translation by J. S. Hoyland, 1922.

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Travels of Ralph Fitch (1583–91) and John Mildenhall (1599–1606) in *Early Travels in India*. Edited by W. Foster. 1921.

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2. MODERN WORKS

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Binyon, L. Akbar. 1932.

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Irvine, W. Army of the Indian Moguls. 1903.

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Maclagan, Sir E. The Jesuits and the Great Mogul. 1932.

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Malleson, G. B. Akbar. (Rulers of India Series.) 1890.

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Modi, J. J. Parsees at the court of Akbar. Bombay, 1903.

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Moreland, W. H. India at the death of Akbar. 1920.

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—— The agrarian system of Moslem India. 1929.

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Noer, Count von. Kaiser Akbar. 1880 and 1885.

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Smith, V. A. Akbar the great Moghul. 1917 and 1919. This contains a fuller bibliography with description of sources.

Chapter VI. Jahāngīr

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Tūzuk-i-Jahāngīrī. By Jahāngīr himself to the seventeenth year of his reign (1622–3), and continued under his direction to the nineteenth year by Mu‘tamid Khān. Lithographed at ‘Aligarh, 1864.

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—— English translation by A. Rogers, edited by H. Beveridge, vols. i (1909) and ii (1914).

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Iqbāl-nāma. By Mu‘tamid Khān. Persian text in *Bibliotheca Indica* series. Calcutta, 1865. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, vi, 393–438.

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Tatimma Wāqi‘āt-i-Jahāngīrī. By Muhammad Hādī. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, vi, 393–9.

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Maāsir-i-Jahāngīrī. By Khvāja Ghairat Khān. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, vi, 442–5.

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Intikhāb-i-Jahāngīr Shāh. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, vi, 447–52.

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Shash Fath-i-Kāngra. By Muhammad Jalāl Tibātibā. Partly translated in Elliot and Dowson, vi, 518–31.

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Maāsir-i-Rahīmī. By Muhammad ‘Abdul-Bāqī. Part I printed by Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta.

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Khulāsat-ut-Tawārīkh. By Sujān Rāy. Edited by M. Zafar Hasan and lithographed at Delhi, 1918.

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Muntakhab-ul-Lubāb. By Muhammad Hāshim Khāfī Khān. Printed in *Bibliotheca Indica*. Calcutta, 1869.

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Bahāristān-i-Ghaibi. By Mīrzā Nathan. Abstract translation by Professor Srī Rām Sharma, *Journal of Indian History*, 1932, pp. 334 *sqq.*

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Bir Singh Deo Charitra. By Kesho Dās.

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The annual Relation of Father Fernão Guerreiro, S.J. for 1607–8. Abstract translation by H. Hosten, S.J. in *Journal of Punjab Historical Society*, vii, 50.

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Early Travels in India (W. Hawkins, 1608–13), W. Finch (1608–11), N. Withington (1612–16), T. Coryat (1612–17), E. Terry (1616–19). Edited by W. Foster. 1921.

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The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to India, 1615–19. Edited by W. Foster. Hakluyt Society, 1899; revised edition, 1926. Jahāngīr's India (The Remonstrantie of F. Pelsaert). Translated from the Dutch by W. H. Moreland and P. Geyl. Cambridge, 1925. Letters received by the East India Company from its servants in the East, 1602–17. Vols. I to VI, 1896–1902. English Factories in India. Edited by W. Foster. (1618–21) 1906, (1622–3) 1908, (1624–9) 1909. Voyage of Peter Floris to the East Indies (1611–15). Edited by W. H. Moreland. Hakluyt Society. 1934. Voyage of Thomas Best (1612–14). Edited by Sir W. Foster. Hakluyt Society. 1934.

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DE LAET. De Imperio Magno Mogoli, sive India vera, Commentarius ex variis Auctoribus Congestis. Leyden, 1631. Translated into English by J. S. Hoyland. Bombay, 1928. GLADWIN, F. Reign of Jahāngīr. Calcutta, 1788. MORELAND, W. H. From Akbar to Aurangzeb. 1923. PRASAD, BENI. History of Jahāngīr. 1922, with a very full bibliography.

Chapter VII. Shāh Jahān

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

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Makhzan-i-Afghāna, see chap. III. Tūzuk-i-Jahāngīrī, see chap. VI. Maāsir-i-Jahāngīrī, see chap. VI. Iqbāl-nāma, see chap. VI. Pādshāh-nāma. By Mīrzā Amīnāī Qazvīnī. Pādshāh-nāma. By Jalāl-ud-dīn Tabātabāī. Pādshāh-nāma. By ‘Abdul-Hamīd Lāhaurī. Printed in *Bibliotheca Indica*, 1867. Pādshāh-nāma. By Muhammad Wāris. Shāhjahān-nāma. By Muhammad Sādiq. ‘Amal-i-Sālih. By Muhammad Sālih Kambū. Being printed in *Bibliotheca Indica*. Zafar-nāma-i-‘Ālamgīrī. By Mīr Khān. English Factories in India, see chap. VII. (1624–9) 1909, (1630–3) 1910, (1634–6) 1911, (1637–41) 1912, (1642–5) 1913, (1646–50) 1914. The Travels of Peter Mundy. Edited by Sir R. Temple. Hakluyt Society. Vol. II (1628–34), 1914. The travels of Sebastian Manrique (1629–43). Edited by C. E. Luard and Father H. Hosten, S.J. Hakluyt Society. 1926 and 1927.

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2. MODERN WORKS

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BANĀRSĪ PRASĀD SAKSENA. History of Shāh Jahān of Dihlī. Allahabad, 1932, with a very full bibliography. MORELAND, W. H. From Akbar to Aurangzeb, see chap. VI.

Chapter VIII and X. Aurangzīb

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I. PRIMARY SOURCES

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PERSIAN

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‘Ālamgīr-nāma. By Mīrzā Muhammad Kāzim. Official history of the first ten years of Aurangzīb’s reign, based upon State records. (*Bibliotheca Indica*.) Maāsir-i-‘Ālamgīrī. By Muhammad Sāqī Musta‘idd Khān. A complete history of Aurangzīb’s reign, based upon state-papers but very condensed, the first ten years being abridged from ‘*Ālamgīr-nāma*. Edited by Ahmad ‘Alī and printed in *Bibliotheca Indica*, 1870–3. ‘Amal-i-Sālih, see chap. VII. Zafar-nāma (also Wāqi‘āt *or* Hālāt)-i-‘Ālamgīrī. By ‘Āqil Khān Rāzī. Covers 1657–63. MSS. O.P.L.,¹ A.S.B.² Tārīkh-i-Shāh Shujā‘ī. By Mīr Muhammad Ma‘sūm (an old servant of Shujā‘). Invaluable for Bengal occurrences; ends abruptly on 18 April, 1660. MSS. I.O.L.,³ O.P.L. Aurang-nāma. A poem by “Haqīrī” (a Roz-bihānī soldier posted in Bengal), often agrees with Ma‘sūm; ends with execution of Dārā. Hyderābād Āsafiya Library MS. (only copy extant). Fathiyya-i-‘ibriyya. By Shihāb-ud-dīn Ahmad (bin Muhammad) Tālish. A diary of Mīr Jumla’s invasion of Kuch Bihār and Assam. Printed in Calcutta, A.H. 1265=A.D. 1848–9. MSS. O.P.L., A.S.B. Abridged in English by Blochmann, *J.A.S.B.* 1872; two sections translated by Jadunāth Sarkār in *J.B. and O.R.S.* “Continuation” (Bodleian MS. 589) gives the history of Bengal from the death of Mīr Jumla to the conquest of Chatgāon (1663–6); ends abruptly. Four long sections of the “Continuation” translated by Jadunāth Sarkār in *J.A.S.B.* 1906 and 1907. Nuskha-i-Dilkushā. By Bhīmsen. Invaluable as an eye-witness of Deccan affairs 1670–1707. Br. Mus. Or. 23. See J. Sarkār’s *Studies in Mughal India* for life of author and analysis of contents. Futūhāt-i-‘Ālamgīrī. By Ishwar Dās (a Nāgar Brāhman of Pattan and a Mughul civil officer in Jodhpur). First-rate authority for events in Rājputāna only. Covers 1657–98. Br. Mus. Add. 23,884 only MS. extant. See J. Sarkār’s *Studies in Mughal India* for life of author and analysis of contents. Waqāi‘. By Ni‘mat Khān ‘Alī. Describes in highly rhetorical prose, interspersed with verse, four episodes of the siege of Golkonda in 1687. Text edited by Scholfield; also lithographed A.H. 1248 and printed (Lucknow) 1259. Mirāt-i-Ahmadī. By ‘Alī Muhammad Khān (the last Mughul *dīwān* of Gujarāt). Completed in 1754, 3 vols. (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series.) Original source only in respect of Gujarāt affairs, the wealth of *farmāns*, etc. quoted *in extenso* and the economic data supplied. From 1730 onwards gives very useful details of political history not to be found elsewhere. First part, ending with 1605, translated as Bird’s *History of Goozerat*; second part summarized in Campbell’s Bombay Gazetteer; third part translated in Gaekwad Series. Akhbārāt-i-darbār-i-mu‘alla. Daily news-letters from the imperial camp. Tod MS. in R.A.S., and the residue in Jaipur State archives. Earlier years of Aurangzīb’s reign very scanty, with a long gap *annis* 23–34; last thirteen years of the reign very copious. Similar *Akhbārāt* of Muhammad A‘zam’s viceroyalty of Gujarāt (*annis* 46–9 of Aurangzīb) and second regnal year of Bahādur Shāh I in R.A.S.; many sheets for 1707–22 in Jaipur State archives; twenty sheets for 1742 in Paris Bib. Nat.; many of Shāh ‘Ālam II in Poona and elsewhere.

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¹ Oriental Public Library (Patna).

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² Asiatic Society of Bengal.

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³ India Office Library.

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Ahkām-i-‘Ālamgīrī. Ascribed to Hamīd-ud-dīn Khān Bahādur, Nimcha-i-‘Ālamgīr Shāhī. Text edited by Jadunāth Sarkār (2nd ed.). English translation by same, *Anecdotes of Aurangzib* (2nd ed.). Very characteristic anecdotes and caustic remarks and orders of Aurangzīb.

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Zawābit-i-‘Ālamgīrī. Br. Mus. Or. 1641. The best *dastūr-ul-‘amal* (i.e. official manual, containing statistics, office procedure, administrative regulations and miscellaneous information regarding the Moghul empire), *c.* 1689.

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Tārīkh-i-‘Alī ‘Ādil Shāh Sānī. By Sayyid Nūr-ullah. Ends 1667. I.O.L. MS. 3052.

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Muntakhab-ul-Lubāb. By Muhammad Hāshim Khāfī Khān. See chap. vi.¹

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¹ For a suggestion that Khāfī Khān borrowed from another writer, Abu-’l Fazl Ma‘mūrī, see Sri Ram Sharma, *J.R.A.S.* 1936, p. 279. [Ed.]

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Tavārīkh-i-Bangāla. By Salīm-ullah. English translation by F. Gladwin as *Narrative of Transactions in Bengal* (Calcutta, 1788), reprint 1918.

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LETTERS

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The letters of Aurangzīb have survived in (*a*) four compact and clearly defined collections made by his secretaries and one by a personal attendant, (*b*) certain compilations made after his death by selection from various earlier sources, and (*c*) stray letters and orders scattered through a large number of other books or as separate pieces.

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Ādāb-i-‘Ālamgīrī. A collection of fully drafted letters from Aurangzīb (1650–8) written by his first secretary Abu-’l-Fath Qabīl Khān (d. May 1662), together with (i) Abu-’l-Fath’s own letters, (ii) letters written by Sādiq of Ambāla on behalf of Prince Muhammad Akbar, *c.* 1675–80, and (iii) a history of the war of succession. Put together in 1704. Excellent O.P.L. MS. In course of publication, ed. by S. Ashraf Nadavī at Azamgarh.

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Ahkām-i-‘Ālamgīrī. By ‘Ināyat-ullah Khān (Aurangzīb’s last secretary). Containing a *précis* of the points which the emperor dictated to his secretary for inclusion in the letters; covers *c.* 1700–5. Rāmpur State Library and Patna O.P.L. MSS. only copies known.

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Kalimāt-i-Tayyibāt. Compiled by the same ‘Ināyat-ullah in 1719. Very brief and obscure *précis*, overloaded with Arabic texts; covers *c.* 1699–1704. MSS. A.S.B., O.P.L.

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Kalimāt-i-Aurangzīb. By the same ‘Ināyat-ullah. Same style; covers *c.* 1703–6. Complete copy in Rāmpur State Library; a fragment in I.O.L. 3301, ff. 33*a*–60*b*.

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There are certain later and shorter collections of Aurangzīb’s letters, mostly selected from ‘Ināyat-ullah and bearing various titles, e.g. *Raqāim-i-Karāim* (compiled by Sayyid Ashraf Khān Mīr Muhammad Husainī bin ‘Abdul Karīm), *Dastūr-ul-‘amal-i-Āgāhī* and *Rumūz-wa-Ishārahā-i-‘Ālamgīrī* (both compiled by Rājā Āyā Mal, the *dīwān* of Jay Singh Savāī, in 1738 and 1742 respectively). Several letters from these selections constitute the lithographed *Ruq‘āt-i-‘Ālamgīrī*. The MSS. are very numerous and seldom exactly correspond in their contents or titles.

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Other letters of Aurangzīb are to be found in Jaipur State archives:

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Paris Bib. Nat. MS. Persan Suppl. 476 (Blochet, no. 704).

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Faiyyāz-ul-qawānīn (11 letters).

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Mirāt-i-Ahmadī, vol. II (edicts only).

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Khatūt-i-Shivājī. R.A.S. MS. 71.

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Zāhir-ul-Inshā, lithographed.

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Bahār-i-Sakhun (completed 1663). I.O.L. MS. Ethé 2090, I.O.L. MS. 549, f. 50, and numerous other volumes.

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*Letters of other historical personages:*

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Haft Anjuman. Compiled by Udirāj (afterwards Tala‘-yār), the secretary of Rustam Khān and of Mīrzā Rājā Jay Singh. Paris Bib. Nat. no. 37, a fragment; two complete MSS. in India.

v4.c24.s8.29

Ruq‘āt-i-Shāh ‘Abbās Sānī.

v4.c24.s8.30

Khatūt-i-Shivājī. R.A.S. MS. 71. Containing letters of Shivājī, Aurangzīb, prince Akbar, Shambhūjī, Shāhū, etc. (Two of Akbar's letters are printed in Zāhir-ul-inshā.)

v4.c24.s8.31

Faiyyāz-ul-qawānīn. 266 folios, containing 25 letters from Shāh Jahān, 8 from Dārā, 6 from Shujā', 47 from Murād Bakhsh, 9 from *vazīr* Ja'far Khān, others from Shāh 'Abbās II, 'Ādil Shāh, Qutb Shāh, Jay Singh, etc.

v4.c24.s8.32

Ruq'āt-i-Hamīd-ud-dīn Khān (a servant of Aurangzīb's mother-in-law Nauras Bānū and afterwards *faujdār* in Mālwā). Two incomplete MSS. in India.

v4.c24.s8.33

Ruq'āt-i-Nawāzish Khān (*faujdār* of Māndū, later governor of Kashmīr).

v4.c24.s8.34

Inshā-i-Mādhu Lāl. Lithographed letters of Mu'izz-ud-dīn and others.

v4.c24.s8.35

Kārnāma-i-waqāi', being the letters of Ma'tabar Khān (*faujdār* of Kalyān) by his secretary Jethmal ("Hindu"). I.O.L. MS. 2007.

v4.c24.s8.36

Muraqa'āt-i-Hasan. By Maulānā Abu'l-Hasan, a civil officer in Bengal and Orissa, 1655–67. Rāmpur State Library, Inshā, no. 182.

v4.c24.s8.37

Majmū'a-i-munshāt-va-ghaira. Letters from and to Bīdār Bakht, from Mukhlis Khān Rūh-ullah Khān, Asad Khān, to Muhammad Murād Khān, etc. Rāmpur State Library, Inshā, no. 176.

v4.c24.s8.38

I.O.L. MS. 150. *Surat English Factory letters*, 1695–6. English summary in *Proceedings of Indian Historical Records Commission, Calcutta session*.

v4.c24.s8.39

Inshā-i-Raushan-Kalām. By Bhūpat Rāy, servant of Ra'dandāz Khān, *faujdār* of Baiswāra. Irvine MS. in I.O.L. Br. Mus. Add. 6600. Letters from 'Abdullah Qutb Shāh, etc.

v4.c24.s8.40

Bahār-i-sakhun. I.O.L. Ethé 2090.

v4.c24.s8.41

Br. Mus. Sloane MS. 3582, ff. 101–24. Letters and official papers relating to the Karnātak.

v4.c24.s8.42

I.O.L. MS. 2678, ff. 72–128.

v4.c24.s8.43

I.O.L. MS. 549.

v4.c24.s8.44

I.O.L. MS. Land orders.

v4.c24.s8.45

Pārasnis MS. Letters from Shivājī, Murād Bakhsh, etc. Marāthi translation published by Rājwāde; an English translation (in MS.) in Pārasnīs Collection, Sātārā.

v4.c24.s8.46

*Secondary Persian Sources*

v4.c24.s8.47

Basātīn-us-salātīn, a history of Bījāpur. By Mirzā Ibrāhīm Zubairī. 1824. Very valuable and accurate in spite of being a later compilation. Lithographed at Hyderābād.

v4.c24.s8.48

Qutb-numā-ī-'Ālam (Golkonda history). By Sayyid Muhammad Mīr Abū Turāb. 1806.

v4.c24.s8.49

Maāsir-ul-Umarā, a biographical dictionary of the peerage of the Mūghul empire, 1742–79. Edited by 'Abdur-Rahīm and Ashraf 'Alī and printed in *Bibliotheca Indica*, 1887–95. Translation by H. Beveridge in progress from 1912. Contains much valuable information from correct tradition and certain works now lost.

v4.c24.s8.50

MARĀTHĪ

v4.c24.s8.51

Shiva-Chhatrapatichen Charitra. By Krishnājī Anant Sabhāsad, edited by K. N. Sane (3rd ed. 1912). Translated by Mankar (1884 and 1886) and by S. N. Sen (2nd ed. 1925).

v4.c24.s8.52

Jedheyānchi Shakāvali. Text in *Shiva-charitra-Pradīp*. Translation by Jadunāth Sarkār in *Shivājī Souvenir*, 1927.

v4.c24.s8.53

Il-Qalmī Bakhar. By Dattājī (the chronicler of Shivājī) and transcribed (with modifications) by Khandojī R. Malkare. Edited by Rājwāde and Pārasnīs. Rough translation by Frissel, as "the Raigarh Life" in *Forrest's Selections... Bombay... Maratha Series*. Expanded Persian version, *Tarikh-i-Shivājī* (I.O.L. 1957, also Rieu, i, 327), by Jadunāth Sarkār in *Modern Review*, 1907 and 1910. (For a critical bibliography of early Marāthā history, see Jadunāth Sarkār's *Shivājī*, 3rd ed.)

v4.c24.s8.54

HINDĪ

v4.c24.s8.55

Chhatra-prakāsh. By Lal Kavi. Text edited by W. Price, Calcutta, 1829; translated in Pogson's *History of the Boondelahs*, 1830.

v4.c24.s8.56

Assamese

v4.c24.s8.57

Buranji from Khunlun and Khunlai. English translation in MS. from the Ahom language, in Assam Government Secretariat. Kāmrūpar Buranji. Edited by S. K. Bhuyan, Assamese text. Purānī Asām Buranji. Gauhati. 1930.

v4.c24.s8.58

European Records and Works

v4.c24.s8.59

English Factories in India, see chap. VII. (1651–4) 1915, (1655–60) 1921, (1660–4) 1923, (1665–7) 1925, (1668–9) 1927, thereafter in MS. at the India Office, London. Diary and Consultation Books of Fort St George, 1681–5. Edited by A. T. Pringle. 5 vols. Madras, 1893–5. Early Annals of the English in Bengal. By C. R. Wilson. 3 vols. Calcutta, 1895–1917. The Diary of W. Hedges. Edited by Colonel H. Yule. 2 vols. Hakluyt Society. 1887–9. The Diaries of Streynsham Master, 1675–80. Edited by R. C. Temple. 2 vols. Indian Records Series. 1911. Storia do Mogor. By N. Manucci. Translated and edited with valuable notes by W. Irvine. 4 vols. 1907–8. The Dutch records are in *Hague Transcripts* (in the India Office Library) and the *Dagh Register*, which covers the period 1624–93 and is still being published at the Hague. The Portuguese records are in Biker's *Collecção de Tratados*, 14 vols. Lisbon, 1881–7, and the writings of Panduranga S. Pissurlencar (Nova Goa).

v4.c24.s8.60

2. MODERN SOURCES

v4.c24.s8.61

Bernier, F. Travels. Edited by Constable. 2 vols. ed. 1914. Bhattāchārya, S. N. History of the Mughal N.E. Frontier Policy. A minutely detailed study. Calcutta, 1928. Biddulph, C. E. Afghan Poetry of the seventeenth century. 1890. Biddulph, Col. J. Pirates of Malabar. 1907. Careri, Gemelli, Travels of. In Churchill's *Voyages*, vol. IV. Gait, E. A. History of Assam. 2nd ed. Kaeppelin, P. La Compagnie Indes Orientales et François Martin. Paris, 1908. The best guide to the French records and history of the French in India in the seventeenth century. Sarkār, Jadunāth. History of Aurangzīb. Based on original sources. 5 vols. Vols. I and II (1st ed. 1912, 2nd ed. 1925), vol. III (1st ed. 1916, 3rd ed. 1928), vol. IV (1st ed. 1919, 2nd ed. 1930), vol. V (1925). —— Shivājī and His Times. 1st ed. 1919, 3rd ed. 1929. —— Mughal Administration. 2nd ed. 1924. —— Studies in Mughal India. 1919, being the 2nd ed. of *Historical Essays* published in 1913. —— Anecdotes of Aurangzīb. 2nd ed. 1925. —— India of Aurangzīb: Statistics, topography and roads. 1901. Wright, Arnold. Annesley of Surat. 1918.

v4.c24.s8.62

THE KINGDOMS OF THE DECCAN DURING THE REIGNS OF JAHĀNGĪR, SHĀH JAHĀN AND AURANGZĪB, AND THE RISE OF THE MARĀTHĀS

v4.c24.s8.63

1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

v4.c24.s8.64

Tārīkh-i-Firishta, see chaps. iv and v. For the reigns of Ibrāhīm 'Ādil Shāh II and the history of the Deccan generally, to the fall of Ahmadnagar.

v4.c24.s8.65

Tūzuk-i-Jahāngīrī, see chap. vii. For an account of Jahāngīr's dealings with the Deccan.

v4.c24.s8.66

Iqbāl-nāma-i-Jahāngīrī, see chap. vii.

v4.c24.s8.67

Pādshāh-nāma. By 'Abdul-Hamīd Lāhaurī, see chap. vii. For the affairs of the Deccan during the reign of Shāh Jahān.

v4.c24.s8.68

Muntakhab-ul-Lubāb, see chap. vi. For the affairs of the Deccan during the reigns of Jahāngīr, Shāh Jahān, and Aurangzīb and the history of the independent kingdoms of the Deccan.

v4.c24.s8.69

Basātīn-us-Salātīn. By Mīrzā Ibrāhīm. Hyderabad lithographed edition. A history of the 'Ādil Shāhī kings of Bījāpur.

v4.c24.s8.70

Tārīkh-i-Muhammad Qutb Shāhī. MS. in author's possession. A history of the Sultāns of Golconda to A.D. 1617.

v4.c24.s8.71

Hadīqat-us-Salātīn. A history of the reign of 'Abdullah Qutb Shāh of Golconda. MS. in India Office Library.

v4.c24.s8.72

Hadīqat-ul-'Ālam. By Mīr Abu-'l-Qāsim, Mīr 'Ālam. Hyderābād lithographed edition of A.H. 1309. A history of the Sultāns of Golconda.

v4.c24.s8.73

History of the Mahrattas. By James Grant Duff. Bombay reprint of 1878. The leading authority on the history of the Marāthās.

v4.c24.s8.74

The Portuguese in India. By F. C. Danvers. 1894. For the relations between the Portuguese and the native powers in the Deccan.

v4.c24.s8.75

Bernier's Travels, see chaps. viii and x. Deals with Aurangzīb's relations with the independent kingdoms of the Deccan and the Marāthās.

v4.c24.s8.76

Tavernier's Travels. Edited, by V. Ball. 1889. Ditto.

v4.c24.s8.77

Storia do Mogor, see chaps. viii and x. Treats in considerable detail of Aurangzīb's relations and dealings with the independent kingdoms of the Deccan and the Marāthās. A most valuable work.

v4.c24.s8.78

Relations of Golconda in the early seventeenth century. Edited by W. H. Moreland. Hakluyt Society. 1930. Contains valuable descriptions of the country in the early seventeenth century.

v4.c24.s8.79

2. MODERN WORKS

v4.c24.s8.80

Haig, Major T. W. Historic Landmarks of the Deccan. Allahabad, 1907. Treats of episodes in the history of the Deccan. Drawn exclusively from original sources.

v4.c24.s8.81

Sayyid Nūh-ullah Qādirī, Tārīkh-i-'Alī 'Ādil Shāhī. An exceedingly turgid and bombastic history of the reign of 'Alī 'Ādil Shāh II. Of slight value. MS. in author's possession.

v4.c24.s8.82

PERSIAN

v4.c24.s8.83

Bahādur Shāh-nāma. By Dānishmand Khān (Ni‘mat Khān ‘Alī). Covering 1707–9. I.O.L.¹ MS. Ethé 385. Muntakhab-ul-Lubāb, see chap. vi. Nuskha-i-Dilkushā, see chap. viii. Maāsir-ul Umarā, see chap. viii. Tazkira or Tārīkh. By Irādat Khān (Mīrzā Mubārak-ullah). Covering 1707–13. I.O.L. MS. Ethé 389. English translation by Jonathan Scott as *Memoirs of Eradut Khan* in vol. ii of his translation of Firishta, 1794. A‘zam-ul-harb. By Kām Rāj. 1707 only. Br. Mus. Or. 1899. ‘Ibrat-nāma. By Kām Rāj. 1707–19. I.O.L. MS. Ethé 391. ‘Ibrat-nāma. By Muhammad Harīsī, Mīrzā. Ends 1721. I.O.L. MS. 50. ‘Ibrat-nāma. By Muhammad Qāsim Lāhaurī. *c.* 1721. I.O.L. MS. 194, Lahore Public Library. Tārīkh-i-Farrukh-siyar. By Muhammad Ihsān Ījād. Br. Mus. Or. 25. Mirāt-i-Wāridāt. By Muhammad Shafī‘ Wārid. Ends 1734. Br. Mus. 6579, O.P.L.² MS. Tazkirat-us-salātīn-i-Chaghtaia. By Muhammad Hādī Kāmwār Khān. Ends 1724. MS. O.P.L., I.O.L., Br. Mus. Tārīkh-i-Hind. By Rustam ‘Alī. Ends 1736. Br. Mus. Or. 1628. Tazkirat-ul-mulūk. By Yahya Khān. 1712–36. Very brief for the later Moghul emperors. I.O.L. MS. 1149. Dastūr-ul-inshā (*c.* 1757). By Yār Muhammad. Printed Calcutta, A.H. 1253. Jang-nāma of Farrukh-siyar and Jahāndār Shāh. By Ni‘mat Khān ‘Alī. Translated by W. Irvine, *J.A.S.B.* 1900. Nādir-uz-Zamānī. By Khush-hāl Chand. Vol. I (1679–1719) (mostly a compilation). Lahore Public Library. Ahwāl-ul-Khawāqīn. By Muhammad Qāsim. Br. Mus. Add. 26,244. Vol. I (1707–19), vol. II (1719–38). Muntakhab-ut-Tavārīkh. By Jagjīvan Dās. Written in 1708; gives useful statistics of all the *sūbas* in 1707. Br. Mus. Add. 26,253. Chahār Gulshan. By Chatarman, Rāj. Gives useful statistics. Partly translated in Jadunāth Sarkār’s *India of Aurangzīb* (1901). I.O.L. and O.P.L. MSS. Jaipur State Records. A very large mass of Persian *farmāns*, *hasb-ul-hukms*, *parwānas*, news-letters, *vakīls’* reports and business papers of the period 1707–*c.* 1723. The imperial letters have been preserved with their seals and silk bags (*Kharītas*) intact (except for a slit), and the ordinary letters with their (open) paper envelopes and belts. A unique collection.

v4.c24.s8.84

¹ India Office Library.

v4.c24.s8.85

² Oriental Public Library (Patna).

v4.c24.s8.86

URDŪ

v4.c24.s8.87

Shamsher-i-Khālsa. By Gyān Singh and Rajindar Singh. Lithographed, 1891.

v4.c24.s8.88

DUTCH

v4.c24.s8.89

Diary of E. Conraad Graaf for embassy of 1712–13. State Record Office at the Hague. Translated by Mrs Kuenen-Wicksteed and J. Ph. Vogel, *Journal, Panjab Historical Society*, x, 1.

v4.c24.s8.90

2. MODERN WORKS

v4.c24.s8.91

Cunningham, J. D. History of the Sikhs. 1840 and 1918. Downing, Clement. History of the Indian Wars. Edited by W. Foster. 1924.

v4.c24.s8.92

BIBLIOGRAPHY

v4.c24.s8.93

Duff, J. G. History of the Mahrattas, see chap. ix. Irvine, W. Later Mughals. Edited and continued by Jadunāth Sarkār. Vol. I (1707–19), vol. II (1719–39). Calcutta, 1921–2. All the Persian sources have been exhausted in it, and chap. xi is mostly an abridgement of it, with a few additions. Macauliffe, M. A. The Sikh Religion. 6 vols. 1909. Wilson, C. R. Early Annals of the English in Bengal, see chap. viii. A French account of the Jāts, written about 1774, most probably by Father F. Xavier Wendel, in Orme MSS., I.O.L. (vol. ccxvi, no 2, copy in vol. xv, no. 11).

v4.c24.s8.94

MUHAMMAD SHĀH

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The authorities quoted for chap. xi cover this chapter also, except those which are shown to cease at earlier dates. For authorities on the Marāthās see chap. xiv. The following additions may be made.

v4.c24.s8.96

1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

v4.c24.s8.97

Tārīkh-i-Shahādat-i-Farrukh-siyar wa Julūs-i-Muhammad Shāh. By Muhammad Bakhsh, Āshob. Extract in Elliot and Dowson, viii, 232. Tārīkh-i-Faiz Bakhsh. By Shiva Prasād. For contents see Elliot and Dowson, viii, 175. Shāhnāma or Munavvar-ul-Kalām. By Shiva Dās of Lucknow. Bayān-i-Waqāiʻ. By Abdul Karīm, Kashmīrī. Extracts translated in Elliot and Dowson, viii, 124. Tarikh-i-Jahānkushā-i-Nādirī. By Mīrzā Mahdī. Lithographed at Bombay. Nādir Shāh aur Muhammad Shāh. Hindī poem by Tilok Dās. Edited and translated by W. Irvine. *Journal, Asiatic Society Bengal*, 1897, p. 24. Historical relation of the Rohilla Afgans. By W. Hamilton. 1787. Practically a translation of *Tārīkh-i-Faiz Bakhsh, supra*. Revolutions of Persia. By J. Hanway. 1762. History of Nādir Shāh. By J. Fraser. 1741. Goolistan-i-Rehmut or Life of Hāfiz Rahmat Khān. Translated by C. Elliott. 1831.

v4.c24.s8.98

2. MODERN WORKS

v4.c24.s8.99

Irvine, W. The Bangash Nawabs of Farrukhābād. *Journal, Asiatic Society Bengal*, 1878–9. Muhammad Abdus-Salām Khān. Sarguzasht-i-Nawāb Najib-ud-daula. Lithographed, Aligarh and Rampur, 1924. Srīvāstava, A. L. The first two Nawabs of Oudh. Lucknow, 1933. Contains a full critical bibliography.

Chapter XIII. The Hyderābād State, 1724–1762

v4.c24.s9.2

No detailed history of Āsaf Jāh I on the lines of the court annals of the Delhi emperors was ever written. The sources of his career up to 1724 are given in W. Irvine's *Later Mughals* (see chap. xi), as a part of the general history of the Mughal empire. For his independent rule in the Deccan (1724–48) the contemporary recorders are Khāfī Khān, Ghulām ‘Alī Āzād, and Shāh Nawāz Khān—all in his service. They are extremely brief, giving merely a list of important events with a short character-sketch. The later histories in Persian worth mentioning are the *Maāsir-i-Āsafī* of Lachmī Nārāyan (a hereditary revenue official), compiled in 1792–3, and the *Hadīqat-ul-‘Ālam* of the famous minister Mīr ‘Ālam, completed in 1802. The former gives a short summary of events from well-known sources, with a very large number of anecdotes illustrating Āsaf Jāh's virtues. The *Hadīqat* remains the best and longest Persian authority for the period 1724–62. Its author professedly borrows from the three contemporary writers named above, but he gives much fresh information in detail, which, however, requires correction. The English and French factory records attain to primary value for Carnatic affairs—and only incidentally for Hyderābād affairs—from 1740 onwards. The printed documents in these two languages have been co-ordinated and corrected, and the mass of manuscript correspondence analysed with admirable skill and success in Dodwell's *Dupleix and Clive*, without the help of which guide these documents cannot be properly utilized, nor the prevalent heresies corrected. But by far the most valuable original material for the history of the earlier Nizāms has been recently published in the form of Marāthī news-letters from their court, despatches from Marāthā officers, and reports from the Peshwās' agents. These give, month after month and even oftener, the minutest information about the movements of the Nizāms, their policy, the discussions in their councils, their campaigns, and the doings of their opponents, exactly as recorded at the time. These enable us to correct many errors and fill up many gaps in the current histories of that period, such as Grant Duff's. When these original sources are used, later histories like those of Briggs and Gribble may be safely discarded.

v4.c24.s9.3

Persian

v4.c24.s9.4

Muntakhab-ul-Lubāb, see chap. vi. Khazāna-i-‘Āmira. By Chulām ‘Alī Āzād. Lithographed, Cawnpore; repeated in his *Sarv-i-Āzād* (ditto). Maāsir-ul-Umarā. Hadīqat-ul-‘Ālam. By Mīr Abu’l-Qāsim, Mīr ‘Ālam. Lithographed, Hyderābād, A.H. 1310. Vol. ii. Maāsir-i-Āsafī. By Lachmī Nārāyan Khattrī. I.O.L. MS., Ethé 468. I have used the Hyderābād Record Office MS., entitled *Maāsir-i-Nizāmī*. Jagjīvan Dās. Revenue returns of Hindustan and Deccan in A.H. 1200. I.O.L. MS., Ethé 434. Other (earlier) returns translated in Jadunāth Sarkār's *India of Aurangzīb: Statistics, topography and roads*. 1901. Khatūt-i-Shivājī. R.A.S. MS. Persian 71. Gives three letters from Shāhū to Āsaf Jāh I.

v4.c24.s9.5

Marāthī

v4.c24.s9.6

Selections from the Peshwās’ Daftar. Edited by G. S. Sardesai (Bombay):

v4.c24.s9.7

Vol. i. Battle of Udgīr. 1930.
Vol. x. Early strife between Bājī Rāo and the Nizām. 1931.
Vol. xxv. Bālāji Bājī Rāo and the Nizām, 1740–61. 1932. Greatly supplements vol. i.
Vol. xxviii. Peshwā Bālājī Rāo: Karnātak Affairs, 1740–61. 1933.
Vol. xx. Bhonsles of Nāgpur. 1931.
Vol. xxxv. Peshwā and Nizām, supplementary. 1934.

v4.c24.s9.8

Aitihāsik Patren Yādi waghaira Lekh. 2nd ed. Edited by G. S. Sardesai and others. 1930. Aitihāsik Patravyavahār. Edited by G. S. Sardesai and others. 1933. Marāthyānchya Itihāsāchī Sādhanen. By V. K. Rājwāde. *Vols.* i (1898), iii (1901), and vi (1905). Selections from the Sātārā Rājās’ and the Peshwās’ Diaries. By G. C. Wad and D. B. Pārasnis. Vols. i (Shāhū), ii and iii (Bālājī Rāo), iv–vi (Mādhav Rāo). Vol. ii gives the Peshwās’ itineraries with dates. Marāthī Riyāsat. By G. S. Sardesai, Madhya Vibhāg. Vols. i, ii and iv (Bombay).

v4.c24.s9.9

2. MODERN WORKS

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Dodwell, H. H. Dupleix and Clive. London, 1920. —— Calendar of the Madras Records, 1740–44. Madras, 1917.

v4.c24.s9.11

DUFF, J. G. History of the Mahrattas, see chap. IX. IRVINE, W. Later Mughals, see chap. XI. ORME, R. History of...Indostan. 4th ed. vol. I. London, 1803. SARKĀR, Sir JADUNĀTH. Fall of the Mughal Empire. Vol. I. Calcutta, 1932. WHEELER, J. T. Madras in the Olden Time. Vol. III reproduces the diary o. T. Eyre's embassy to Āsaf Jāh at Trichinopoly. Madras, 1862. Lettres et Conventions des gouverneurs de Pondichéry avec différents princes hindous, 1666–1793. Pondichéry, 1914. Mémoire pour Bussy, expositif de ses créances.... Paris, 1764. Letters of François Raymond. Translated into English by Jadunāth Sarkār in *Islamic Culture* (Hyderābād, 1932), describing the military and financial conditions under Nizām 'Alī.

v4.c24.s9.12

THE RISE OF THE MARĀTHĀ EMPIRE, 1707–1761

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1. ORIGINAL SOURCES

v4.c24.s9.14

(*a*) MARĀTHĪ

v4.c24.s9.15

The vast collection of MSS., State Papers, and other documents in the Alienation Office, Poona (the Poona Daftar), and the collections made by V. K. Rājwāde, D. B. Pārasnīs, and other scholars, and housed in the Bhārata Itihāsa Mandala at Poona and the Historical Museum at Sātārā, together with the Daftars of the various Marāthā States, constitute the chief original sources for the period in Marāthī. The State Papers in the Poona Alienation Office have now been thoroughly sifted by Mr G. S. Sardesai, and forty-six volumes of Selections have been published under the auspices of the Government of Bombay. At the time of writing (1935) the papers in the Poona Residency Records are also being examined by Sir J. Sarkār and Mr Sardesai, with a view to the publication of similar volumes of Selections. The chief volumes of Selections at present printed are as follows:

v4.c24.s9.16

Marāthyānchyā Itihāsāchī Sādhane. By V. K. Rājwāde, 22 vols. Poona, 1898–1902.

v4.c24.s9.17

Itihāsa Sangraha. By D. B. Pārasnīs. 7 vols. Poona, V.D.

v4.c24.s9.18

Selections from the Peshwā's Daftar. By G. C. Wād. 9 vols. Poona, V.D. (Introduction by M. G. Rānade.)

v4.c24.s9.19

Selections from Shāhu Rājā's Daftar. By V. K. Pārasnīs. Poona, 1904.

v4.c24.s9.20

Selections from the Chitnīsi and other Daftars. By V. K. Pārasnīs. Published in *Itihāsa Sangraha*. 7 vols. Bombay, V.D.

v4.c24.s9.21

Selections from the Poona Daftar (Letters and Despatches relating to the Battles of Udgīr and Pānīpat). By G. S. Sardesai. Government Central Press, Bombay, 1930.

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Treaties, Agreements and Sanads. By D. B. Pārasnīs and P. V. Māvjī. Poona, 1908–14.

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Selections from the Peshwā Daftar. Edited by G. S. Sardesai, B.A. 45 vols. Government Central Press, Bombay, 1933. With Indexes, and a foreword by Sir Jadunāth Sarkār, C.I.E. This includes a Handbook to the records in the Alienation Office, Poona.

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(*b*) ENGLISH

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The Papers in the Bombay Secretariat are described in Kindersley's *Handbook*. *Selections from the State Papers in the Bombay Secretariat* (Home Series, 1887; Marāthā Series, 1885) have been published by Sir G. W. Forrest. For the India Office Records, Foster's *Guide*, and for the papers in the Imperial Record Department, the *Handbook to the Records of the Government of India (1748–1859)*, Calcutta, 1925, should be consulted.

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(*c*) PERSIAN

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The Persian correspondence in the Imperial Record Department will be found in the *Calendar of Persian Correspondence* issued by the Government of India, Calcutta, V.D. Many Persian documents, *farmāns*, etc. in the various daftars and in private possession require investigation. Detailed references to the Persian sources for the period are given in Sir Jadunāth Sarkār's *Fall of the Mughal Empire*, and his edition of Irvine's *Later Mughals*, see chap. xi; the leading Muhammadan historians of the period are translated in Elliot and Dowson's *History of India as told by its own Historians* (q.v.).

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II. SECONDARY SOURCES

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(*a*) ENGLISH

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Acworth, H. A. Ballads of the Marāthās. London, 1894. Autobiographical Memoir of the Early Life of Nānā Farnavīs. Trans. Briggs. *Transactions, Royal Asiatic Society*, vol. II. 1829. Bombay Presidency Gazetteer. Edited by J. M. Campbell. Bombay, 1877–94. Casi Raja Pundit, see Kāsīrāj Pandit. Downing, Clement. History of the Indian Wars, see chap. xi. Elphinstone, Mountstuart. History of India. Edited by E. B. Cowell. 6th ed. 1874. Forbes, A. K. Rās Mālā: Hindoo Annals of the Province of Goozerat. Edited by H. G. Rawlinson. 1924. Ghulām Husain Khān. Siyar-ul-Mutaākhkhirīn. English translation. Reprint, 4 volumes, Calcutta, 1902. Grant Duff, J. C. History of the Mahrattas, see chap. ix. Gwalior State Gazetteer. Gwalior, 1908. Ives, E. A Voyage from England to India in the Year 1754. 1773. Jervis, T. B. Geographical and Statistical Memoir of the Konkan. Calcutta, 1840. Kāsīrāj Pandit (Casi Raja Pundit). An Account of the Last Battle of Pānīpat. (Trans. J. Browne, *Asiatic Researches*, vol. III.) Reprint, edited by H. G. Rawlinson, 1926. The original MS. has now been discovered by Sir Jadunāth Sarkār, and a revised translation appeared in the *Indian Historical Quarterly*, 1934. Kincaid, C. A. and D. B. Pārasnīs. A History of the Marāthā People. 3 vols. 1918–25. Edition in one volume, 1931. Malcolm, Sir J. Memoir of Central India. 2 vols. London, 1823. Malleson, G. B. History of the French in India. London, 1868. —— Native States of India. 1875. Orme, R. Historical Fragments of the Moghul Empire. London, 1782. Pārasnīs, D. B. Mahableshwar. Bombay, 1916. —— Poona in Bygone Days. Bombay, 1921. Rānade, M. G. Rise of the Marāthā Power. Poona, 1900. —— Miscellaneous Writings. Poona, 1900. —— Introduction to the Peshwa's Diaries. Poona, 1900. Sardesai, G. B. Main Currents of Marāthā History. Calcutta, 1926. Sarkar, Sir J. Fall of the Mughal Empire, see chap. xiii. Sen, S. The Administrative System of the Marāthās. Calcutta, 1923. Subramanian, K. R. Marāthā Rājās of Tanjor. Madras, 1928. Waring, E. S. History of the Mahrattas. London, 1810.

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(*b*) MARĀTHĪ

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In Marāthī, the chief secondary sources are the *bakhars* or prose-chronicles. They are of varying value, but the early ones especially contain a great deal of information gleaned at first hand. Many of them were published by R. N. Sane in the historical journal *Kavyetihāsa Sangraha* (1878–89), and have since been separately printed. Some of the most important for the period are:
1. The Pānīpat Bakhar. By Raghunāth Yādāv. 1763.
2. The Peshwā's Bakhar. By Sohoni. 1822.
3. The Bhāo Sāhib's Bakhar. N.D.
4. Dābhāde Gāikwādāchī Hakīkat (History of the Dābhādes and Gāikwārs). 1818.
5. Holkarānchī Kaifiyat (Narrative of the Holkar family).
6. The Nāgpur Bhonsles' Bakhar. 1818.
7. The Bakhar of Shāhū Mahārājā. By Govindrāo Chitnīs.

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8. Thorle Shāhuche Charitra (Life of Shāhū I). By Malhārrāo Chitnīs. 1810.
9. Dhākte Rāmrājāche Charitra. By Malhārrāo Chitnīs. 1810. Malhārrāo Holkar Yānche Charitra. By M. M. Atre. Poona, 1893. Marāthyānche Parākrama. By D. B. Pārasnīs. Bombay, 1895. Brahmendraswāmī Yānche Charitra. By D. B. Pārasnīs. Bombay, 1903. Marāthyānche Ārmār (Marāthā Navy). By D. B. Pārasnīs. Bombay, 1904. The Standard History of the Marāthās in Marāthī is *Marāthī Riyāsat*, by G. S. Sardesai, 7 vols. Bombay, V.D., 1915–29.

The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV: The Mughul Period v4.c24: Bibliography

Contents

Bibliography

General

Chapter I. Bābur

Chapter II. Humāyūn

Chapter III. Sher Shāh

Chapters IV and V. Akbar

Chapter VI. Jahāngīr

Chapter VII. Shāh Jahān

Chapter VIII and X. Aurangzīb