The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D. c13.140

c13.140

At the end of Balban's reign therefore, the boundary of Delhi in the Punjab remained, roughly, along the water-parting between the Ravi and Beas; as on his accession, most of the province formed the Mongol sphere of influence. In-spite of Kaiqubad's incompetence and the consequent laxity of vigilance, the defence system remained intact and refused to yield further advantage to the invaders. Ferishta⁴, quoting from two earlier sources which are no longer extant, states that following his forced removal from the throne, Kaikhusaru entered into correspondence with Tamur Khan the