The Dynastic History of Northern India (Early Mediaeval Period) v1.c11.161.3

v1.c11.161.3

The government was for some time carried on by his wife Hamūn, but after a period of internal strife, Pitthu, a descendant of Dūdā, established himself in the sovereignty. He was succeeded by Khaira, a man of unknown origin, and then came Khafīf,¹ who reigned for 33 years. ‘During his government the ryots and all the other people of Sind were relieved from thieves and disturbers of the peace; all were happy and contented.’ The Baluchis, Sodhas and Jarejas under their leaders Mihran, Ran Mal and Rām Rāi paid him homage, and we are told that ‘in all the country under him from Nasrpur……no one during his reign disobeyed his orders.’ It is during this reign that we hear for the first time about the ‘thieves of the tribe of Samna,’ who were adequately punished for having robbed the Baluchis. He lived ‘a long while at Thatta’ where he died. He appears to have been succeeded by ‘Umar, son of Pitthu, who reigned for 40 years. After his death the people raised his son Dūdā II, to the vacant throne. During this reign the Sammas of Cutch threatened to invade Thatta, but were compelled to submit. The Sodhas also rebelled under Ran Mal, but their chief was killed and they were defeated in an engagement with great slaughter. Ran Mal’s son Sāhiba ‘obtained forgiveness’ of his faults, on the payment of 20,000 as *nazrānā*. He died in Thatta after a reign of 14 years. There are some discrepancies in our authorities about the list of rulers here.