The Dynastic History of Northern India (Early Mediaeval Period) v1.c13.282

v1.c13.282

A.D.¹ The prosperity of the reign is shown by the foundation of the town of Garbharapura by the king’s son Babhruvāhana.² But unfortunately for the king, the promise of peace and prosperity in his administration was completely destroyed by two foreign invasions, which not only destroyed his power, but also led to the destruction of Hindu rule in the valley. One of these was led by Duluca, who is described by Jonarāja as the *Camūpati* of the great king (*Cakravarti*) Karmasena. According to the *A’īn-i-Akbarī* he (Dalju) was the chief commander under the king of Kandahar. Stein has suggested that he was probably a Turk who came to the Valley through the Zōji-Lā pass. The suspicion that he was a Muhammadan appears to be confirmed by the fact that his army included *Tājika*, *Turuṣka*, and *Mleccha* troops.³ He had under him an army of 60,000 troops, and the king, finding it hopeless to oppose him, took refuge in the hills and tried to turn him back by granting him a subsidy.⁴ For this purpose he imposed a special tax on all castes. The confusion in the kingdom considerably increased when the Brahmans began to hold solemn fasts as a protest against the cowardly conduct of the king. While the country was thus harassed by Duluca, a Tibetan (*Bhoṭṭa*) invader, named Riñcana (Tibetan—*Rin-Chen*), appeared in the valley by the same route. The capital was invested by the invaders from the east and the north. According to Jonarāja Duluca ‘destroyed innumerable gods, and afraid of the excessive cold of Kashmir,’ at last went out ‘by a good military road,’