The Colas c27.22.4

c27.22.4

*pāḍi-kāval* was no doubt a payment on account of the village watchman’s fee, and *kiḍāk-kāśu*, a small cess on each head of male cattle; the nature of the other dues is not easily understood. An important record of the reign of Rājādhirāja I from Tribhuvani gives the information⁵⁵ that the annual share of the landlord on 72 *vēlis* of land was 12,000 *kalams* of paddy, giving an average of 166 and ⅔ *kalams* per *vēli*; and that after remitting this amount of paddy, the tenants cultivating these lands were to be held liable only for *ēri-āyam*, *pāḍi-kāval-kūli*, free labour (*amañji*) on the tank, and not for any other customary dues (*marijādi*) of the *piḍāgai* (section of village) such as *veḷḷān-irai*, *uḻavirai*, *āḷ* and *amañji*. In the second year of Vīrarājēndra⁵⁶ the proceeds from the following taxes in several villages named belonging to three *nāḍus* were made over to the temple of Tiruveṇkāḍu towards the expenses on festivals and offerings on the king’s birthdays: all *kīḻ-iraip-pāṭṭam* (smaller taxes) including *ūrk-kalañju*, *kumara-kaccāṇam*, *mīnpāṭṭam*, *āṟṟup-pāṭṭam* and *taṭṭārp-pāṭṭam*; *tarip-puḍavai*, *daśa-vandam*, *vēlik-kāśu*, *śēvakak-kāśu*, *valangai-iḍangai-mahanmai*, *tingaḷ-mōham*, and ten *kāśus* per head on account of the *panmai* and *paṇḍa-veṭṭi* (free supplies?) dues from these villages.