The Colas c38: Index

The Cōḷas c38

Language: English

c38.29 — 4 parts
c38.170 — 4 parts
c38.171 — 5 parts

Index

c38.1

Abbasid Khalifat, 604 Abhaya (the Cōḻa contemporary of Nambi Āṇḍār Nambi), 637 Abhaya (Kul. I), 305, 330, 347 Abhaya alias Vīrarājendra, 293 *Abhidhammāvatāra*: Buddhadatta, 101 Abhimanottuṅga Samanta, envoy sent by the king of Kadaram to Kul. I, 318 Abhimanyu, 286 Abu Zaid (Hasan), 459, 460, 482n, 605 Ācāryabhōga, 642 Ācāryas, Vaiṣṇava, 681 Āccan (Ādittan) Vikrama Kēsari, 165n Acca-taṟi, 533 Accuta Kaḷabha alias Accutavikkanta of the Kalabhrakula, mentioned by Buddhadatta and said to have kept the three Tamil kings in confinement, 102, 107 Accutavikkanta, 102 Acyutadevaraya, 438 Ādanūr (Tj.) birth place of Nanda, 12, 568 Āḍavalam gadyāṇa, 618 Ādavallān (weight), 620, (measure) 622 Adeisathros (of Ptolemy), 28n. Adhikāri (official of the government), 513 Adhikārikaḷ Pārāśaryan Vāsudeva-Nārāyaṇan alias Ulagaḷanda-śōḻa Bramamārāyan, guru of Rājādhirāja I, 259 Adhirājēndra, Parakēsari, 247, 267, 274, 285, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297; chosen heir apparent (1067-8), 285; his legitimacy was recognised by Kul. I, 296; Jayaṅgoṇḍār does not mention him, 293; troubles of his reign, persecution of Rāmānuja, 294, 295; Rājiga come to the south after his demise, 296; 303, theory of a war with Kul. I highly improbable, 304, 306, 310, 472, 482n, 533, 561, 643, 644 Adhyayana-pāṭha-sāla (Veda school), 632 Adicandesa, 727 Ādicca, Tamil general sent against Rāmanna-dēśa by Parākramabāhu I, 216 Ādicca-Pidāri, 136n. Adigal Kandan Marambavai, queen of Nandi-Pottaraiyar of the Pallavatilaka race, 114 Adigaimān of Kūḍalur, 404 Adigaimāns of Tagadur, 326, 393, 405, 406 Adigan, 105 Adigariccis (wives of adigaris), 463 Adigāri(gaḷ), 462, 463, 539, *see* Adhikāri Adil Shah of Bijapur, 143 Adimais (slavery), 555-557 Ādimandi, 35 Ādinagar, fight at, and defeat of Indraratha by Rājēndra I, 207, 208 Ādittapura (Maṇigrāmam), 488 Āditya I Rājakēsari, 110-116; duration of his rule, 111; accession, 113; overthrow of Aparājita, relation to the Gaṅgas, 113, 114; conquest of Kongu, 114; relation to Cēra, 115; temples erected by Ā., 115; his death at Tondaimanad 115, 120, 135, 466, (a temple builder), 641, 697, 701, 703 Āditya II, Parakēśarī ‘who took the head of Vīra Pāṇḍya’, 144, 146, 147; perhaps identical with Pārthivēndra Varman, 149, his part in the battle of Cēvūr, 154; his assassination and Uttama Cōḻa’s part in it, 157-158, 479, 558, 581, 602, 618, 707 Ādityavarman, son of Vikrama Kēśari by Karṟali, 155 Āditya of Mūvalur, father of Kamban, 671 Ādityēśvara temple (at Toṇḍamānāḍ), 115, 453, (at Kalandai), 678 Adiyama, Cola Samanta, 326, 327 Aḍiyārkku-nallār, 665, 683, 686 Āḍu (Lit. sheep), 623 Āḍuturai (Tri.), 45, 327, 559, 594 Advaitism, of Sankara, 647 Aelius Gallus, Arabian expedition of, 84 Africa, 604 Agambadi mudali, 401, 404 Agapparivāram (personal retinue), 346 Agarapparru, 505 Agastya, released the Kaveri, from his water pot, 18, 31, 201; hill, 202 Agastyēśvara temple, 697, 701, 706; of Melappaḻuvūr, 703 Aghora śivācārya, 688

c38.2

Agil, 82, 83 Agnikuṇḍa (fire-pit), 551 Agniśvaram, the temple at Cittur, 704, 707 Ahalyā, 90 Ahamārgam system of music, 653 Ahanānūru (Aham), 3; Moriyar, 20, 67, 667 Ahapporul, of Nambi, 684 Āhavamalla, W. Cāḷukya, 224, 225, 246, 256, 257, 264, 270, 273; see Somesvara I. Āhavamalla-Kulāntaka, title of Rājādhirāja I, 259 Āhavamalla-Kulakāla, title of Vīrarājēndra, 274 Āhavamalla Kula Kālapuram alias Āyirattaḷi, 318 Ahicchatra, 20 Āhitāgni, 465 Ahmad-ibn Majid, 460 Aihole, inscription, 105 Aimperungulu, 69 Ainñurruvar, 595 Airāvatēśvara, the temple of Dārāsuram, 717-720, 721 Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, 687 Aiyai, daughter of Tittan, 50 Aiyar (sages), 93 Ajanta, 736 Ajivakak-kasu, 532 Ājīvakas, 532 Ājñākrayam (sale by royal order), 479, 601 Akalanka, title of Kul. I, 330 Akitti, 23 Akkam, 618 Āl, 531 Alagerudu-kāśu, 588 Aḷagiya Pallavan, father of Kōpperunjinga, 402, 403, 404 Aḷagiya Sīyan (Kōpperunjinga), 403, 424 Alangudi, 296 Alankāra, Artha, 683, Śabda, 684 Āḷappirandān Alagiya Pallavan alias Kādavarāyan of Kūḍal, 402, 403-404 Āḷappirandān Vīraśēkharan alias Kādavarāyan, 402, 403 Alatti, 307, fight at 308 Ālattur-kiḷār, 40, 41 Alexander the Great, 183 Alexandria, centre of Indo-European trade, 84 Ālinagar, 636 Allahabad, 233 Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudra Gupta, 104 Aludaiya Nambi (Sundaramurti), 640 Alunda, battle of, 52 Ālungaṇam, 494 Alupa, king, 272 Ālvār Parāntakan Śrī Kundavaip-Pirāṭṭiyār, 186; see Kundavai. Āḻvārs, 13; Vaiṣṇava, 635, 636, 637. 641, 644, 647 Amanji, 531, 594 Amaṇkuḍi, 188, 493 Amarābharaṇa Sīya Ganga, Pavanandi's patron, 401, 684 Amarabhujanga, the Pandyan king captured by Rajaraja, 169, 170 Amaravati, Greco-Roman influence in, 87; Yuan Chwang at 102 Ambalam, 513 Ambalavan Paluvur-nakkan of Kuvalalam, 160 Ambalappuram, 576 Ambanavar, 504 Ambar, 53 Ambaṭṭar, 528 Ambikāpati, father of the author of Daṇḍiyalangāram, 683; Kamban's son, 683 Amitasāgara, 13, 102, 682, 685 Amma II, (945-70); Eastern Cāḷukya king, 179; fled to Kalinga, 180 Ammaiyappan Sambuvarayan, Sengeni, 373 Ammangadevi, daughter of Rajendra I and queen of E. Cāḷukya Raja Raja I and mother of Kulottunga I, 228, 260, 285 Ammanna Dandanayaka (a Mahapradhani of Hoysala Vishnuvardhana Vira Narasingadeva), 428 Anaimalai, 583 Anaimangalam, grant of, 185, 220, 460, 466, 504, 602 Ānaiyāṭkaḷ (elephant corps), 454 Ānaimērrunjinā(r), title of Rājādhirāja I, 258. Ānandadāṇdava Nambi, erected a gopura in Madura in, A.D. 1227, 677 Ananta, grand-father of Aniruddha, Minister of Parantaka II, 638 Anantapalayya, the Dandanayaka of Vikramaditya, 329 Anantapur, 2 Anantaśambhu, 240n, 642 Ananta-varman, Coda-ganga, Eastern-ganga, 289, 322, 323, 328 Ananteśvara, the temple at Udaiyargudi, 721 Anapāya, title of Kul. II, 349; (who covered the Perambalam with gold), 676, 684 Āṇatti, 466, 468 Anbil, copper-plate, grant of Sundara Cola, 8, 53; 113. 115, 141, 145, 153, 465, 469, 480n, 483n, 577, 602, 638, 641 Ancient Accounts: Renaudot, 192n. Andādi: Nambi-Andar-Nambi, 61n, 106

c38.3

Āndhra Bhārata, 225 Andhra-patha (Andhra road), 594 Angāḍikkūli, 509 Angkor, Temples of, 722 Anikanga, 412n Aniruddha, 465; (Brahmadhiraja), 577, 638 *Aniyadigāram* (Daṇḍiyalangāram), 683 Aniyanga Bhimadeva Rahuta; Kalinga ruler, 431 *Aniyilakkaṇam*, *Aṇiyiyal* (Daṇḍiyalangaram), 683 Annan Pallavarāyan alias Paḷaiyanūr-Uḍaiyān, Veda-Vanam-Uḍaiyān, Ammaiyappan, 369-371, 373, 378 Anniyāya-vāva-daṇḍa-iṟai, 535 Anrāḍu-narkāśu, 614 Antarāyam, 531, 532, 533 Antarvedi, 551 Anubogap-parroḷugu, 580 *Anuloma* (Castes), 549 Anumakonda (territory), 329 Anupamā, daughter of Parāntaka I, 134 Anuradhapura, fiery battle near, 310, 311, 315 Aparajita, Pallava king, 110; overthrown by Aditya, 113, 120, 466 *Āpastamba sūtra*, 468 Appanna Dandanayaka, 423, 424, 428 Appar, 51, 185, 703 Appimayya, Dandanayaka, Governor of Maharajavadi (7000), 259 Aprameya, Cola general, 190n Ār, a Cola emblem; Karikāla fighting with the garland of ar, 23, 32, 38 Arabia, 84, 85, 604, 607 Arab(s), the, 603, 604, 607, 610 Araccālābhoga, 507 Aragalur (Salem), 401 Aragalurudaiyan, 401 Aragandanallur (S.A.), 401 Araisur, 674 Araiyam(r), 462, 490, 584 Araiyan Ādittan, Vīman, 152 Araiyan Kaḍakkan-goṇḍaśōlan, Senāpati, 266 Araiyan Rajarajan alias Vikrama Cola Coliya-Varaiyan, the Cola general of Rajendra I, 205 Araiyan Rajarajan alias Virarajendra Jayamuri-nadalvan, Senapati, 266. *Arangēṟṟukādai*, of the Silappadikāram, 77 Arangu, 91 Aranilaiviśākhan Trailokyamallan Vatsarajan of Arumbakkam, 664 Araśanārāyaṇaṇ Ēḻiśaimōgan alias Jananātha Kacciyarāyan, 402, 403 Araṭṭamukkidāsan, 490 Aṟavaṇavaḍigal, 95 Aṟavōlai (Charity deed), 467 *Āṟāyirappaḍi*, Commentary on Nammālvār's Tiruvāymoḷi, 681 Arcana, 575 Ardhanarisvara, image of, 727 Ardra, festival, 640 Argaru, 22 Arikulakesari, son of Parantaka I, 125, 134, 142, 151, 153 Arimukkai 532 Arindama, 141, 144, 152, 551 Arindigai, 134 Arinjaya Parakesari, son of Parantaka, 134, 142, 145; reign, 152, 453 Arinjigai-Caturvedimangalam, 539 Arinjimadevadigal, 552 Ariṣṭanēmibhaṭāra, 655 Arrur, death of Arinjaya at, 142, 153, 453 Arinjigai-isvara built by Rajaraja at Melpadi, 187, 453 Arinjigai Varman, who died at Arrur, 142. See Arinjaya. Arinjigap-pirāṭṭiyār, daughter of a Prince Arikulakesari and wife of a Bana King, 153 Arisil, battle of, 112 Arivuḍai Nambi, 45 Āriyak-kūttu, 575 Āriyam, 653 Arjuna, 160, Kulottunga I, compared to, 312 Arkadu, merchant community of, 595 Arkatos, of Ptolemy, 22 Ārkkāḍu of Narriṇai, 23, 28n. Arkonam, 131 Arpakkam (Chingleput Dt.), 332, 368, 373 Aṟpisi (October-November), months of, 640 Ārruppāṭṭam, 531 Āṟṟuppaḍai, 76 Ārṣa, form of marriage, 65 Arulala Perumal, deity of Little Kancipuram, 645 Arumbakkam, 664 *Arumbait-toḷḷāyiram*, 670 Arumolidēvan, 552; liquid measure, 622 Aruṇācaleśvara, aspect of Siva, 707 Aruṇandi, author of *Śivañāna-śittiyār*, 679, 680 Arthaśāstras, 66, 223 Arumolideva-Iśvara (at Paḷaiyāṟu), 449 Arumoli-nangai, queen of Vīrarājēndra, 274 Arumoḷi-nangaiyār Pirānār, daughter of Rajendra I, 228 Arumoli-Varman, Rajakesari, 158, 169, 186. See Rajaraja I. Arundhati, 78

c38.4

Aruvālar, 33 Aruvanadu, the lower valley of the Pennar, 35 Aryan culture, 63, 64, 89 Aryavarta, 116 *Āścarya-Cūḍāmaṇi*, by Śaktibhadra, 687 Asela, 24 Asita-Vaktra ascetics, 648 Asoka, and the Colas, 20, 21 *Aṣṭādhyāyī*, provision for the study of, 630 *Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya* of Vāgbhaṭa, 632 Asura, form of marriage, 64 *Āśvalāyana Śrauta Sūtra*, 687 Asvamedha, performed by Rajadhiraja I, 259, 451, 671 Atakur, inscription, 130, 131 Atharvaveda, provision for the study of, 630 Atavi (troops), 457 Ātci, 474 Ātkolli, 403 Ātkolli Kāḍavarāya, 416n Atreya Nambi Kada Nambi, 679 Āttan Atti, Cera Prince, 35 Attivaranā, elephant, 228 Attur (Tanjore), 372 Augustus, 84 Auvaiyar, 48 Avai, Sabha, 70 Aval, rice-flakes, 89 Avani (Mys), 400 Avanimulududaiyal, queen of Rajaraja II, 351 Avani-Narayana title of Kopperunjinga, 424 Avanti, 36, 88 Āvēṇika (Gotra), 465 Avur, 42, 66, 92 Ayalār-taṅgaḷ-kāṭci (testimony of eye-witnesses), 474 Āyam, 522, 531 Ayana-Sankranti, 580 Āyirattaḷi (alias Āhavamalla-kula kālapuram), 318, 332, 353, 356, 398 Āyirattaḷi (alias Mudigoṇḍa-śōḻapuram), 386 Ayirattali (alias Nandipuram), 525 Ayodhya, 251 Āyōgavas, 549 Āytuṟai (Salt pans at), 593 Ayyappa, father of Gannarasa, 175 Ayyapulal, 597

c38.5

Babylon, 234 Bācaladevi, queen of Madhurāntaka Pottappiccola Manumasiddharasa. 413n; 428 Badami, Calukyas, 126 Badapa, 179 Baddema, powerful chief of Jata-coda Bhīma, put to death by Saktivarman, 181 Baghdad, 604 Bāhūr (Vākkūr), 473, 583 Balarama, 94 Balasubramanya, The, temple of Kannanur, 701 Bali, the demon King, 90 Ballala I, 326 Ballala II, Hoysala, his titles, his southern conquests, 396-397, 406 Bāṇas, 100, 120, 126, 127, 128, 153, 188, 401, 430 505 Bāṇādhirāja, title conferred on Pṛthvīpati II, by Parāntaka I, 125 Baṇapuram, 556 Banavase (12000), 131, 197, 198, 306, 308, 309 Bandon, 216 Bapatla, 593, 615 Bastar, 208 Bauddhas, the, 644 *Baudhāyanagṛhya*, 630 Bayal Nambi, Western Cāḷukya general, 182 Belagamve, the inscription of Calukyajayasimha (1019 A.D.), 204 Bellary, 277 Belur, 396 Belur copper-plate grant, 326 Belvola (300) 131, 256, 258 Bengal, 209, 210 Benjamin of Tudela, Jewish traveller, 606, 609 Bennevuru (12), 255 Beta, the younger son of Erasiddhi, 388 Beta, father of the Kākatīya Prola, 329 Betarasa, son of Nallasiddha, 389, 413n Bezwada, battle of, 270, 292, 303, 595 Bhadra (Mysore), 265 *Bhāgavata*, the, 687 Bhagavati, 596 Bhagiratha, 206 Bhaktajanesvara, The, temple of Tirunamanallur (S.A.), 707 Bhaktiraja, 438 *Bhārata*, Provision for the study of, 631 Bharatap-Pangu, 512 Bharatasvamin, Commentator on the Samaveda, 687 *Bhārataveṇbā* of Perundevanar, 662 Bhargava, 201 Bhaskara Ravi Varman Tiruvadi (978-1036), 169 Bhāṣya-Vṛtti, 640 Bhaṭṭas(r), 478, 487, 490, 494, 504, 514, 549, 579 Bhāṭṭa school, 631 Bhattan Gandaraditti, 552

c38.6

Bhaṭṭa-Vṛttis, 576 *Bhavaprakāśa*, work on rhetoric, 688 *Bhaviṣya* (Sutra), 513, 519n. Bheruṇḍas, 420, 428 Bhikṣāmaṭha, of Vārāṇasi, 642 Bhikṣātanamurti, image of, 702, 732 Bhima, Cōḍa, 180, 181 Bhīma II, Calukya, Vengi ruler, 128 152 Bhīma, Kota chief, 323 Bhima (Viman) of Kulam 321; Telinga Bhīma, 342 Bhīmeśvara, (Bhagavān in Drākṣṣārāma), 309, 329 Bhogadeva, 183; another name of Jaṭā-Cōḍa Bhīma, 192n Bhogam, 570, 575, 585 Bhogavati-Pura-Varesvara, 208 Bhoja, of Dhara, 208 Bhoja, Samanta, 435 Bhojaraja, adigarigal descended from, 463 Bhṛgukula, 202 Bhṛtaka (mercenary), 457 Bhujabala-madai, 616 Bhujabalaviran, of Gangamandalam, 616 Bhujabala-vira, Nallasiddhanadeva, Cola Maharaja, 390, 413-414n Bhujagavara-bhūṣaṇamahārājulu, title of Nagavamsi rulers, 208 Bhumidevi, image set up, 526 Bhūpēndra Cōḷa, title of Rājādhirāja I, 222 Bhutadeya-nayaka of Dorasamudra, 428 Bhutamangalam, the hub of Colarattaha, 102 Bhūtapandya, 91 Bhuti Aditya Bhattarika, queen of the Cola Prince Arikulakesari, 703 Bhuti-Vikramakesari, 155 Bhuvana-mulududaiyāḷ, queen of Rajaraja II, 351 Bilhaṇa, 255, 258, 270, 272, 287, 294, 295, 303, his account of Vikramaditya's digvijaya, 306, 307, 308, 309 Bilvamaṅgalasvāmi alias Līlā-suka, the author of *Kṛṣṇa-Karṇāmṛta*, 688 Bindusara, 21 Birudamadas, 615-16 Bittiga Viṣṇuvardhana, Taḷakāḍugonda, 326 Brahmadesam, 226 Brahmadeya, 531, 536, 570, 573, 576, 577, 578-580, 664 Brahma-Vaisya, 549 Brahmādhirāja (title of distinguished brahman Senapatis), 456, 465 Brahmendra, an official, 499 *Brahma-mīmāṁsā bhāṣya* by Sri-Kaṇṭha, 688

c38.7

Brahmapurīśvara, The, temple of Pullamaṅgai (T.J.), 706 Brahmesvara, temple of, in Brahmadesam (S.A.), 696 Bṛhannāyaki, The temple of, 715 *Bṛhat-kathā*, the Original of *Perungadai*, 665 *Bṛhadīśvara-māhātmya* (=*Colavaṁśacarita*), 14 Buddhadatta: on Accutakalabba and Kaveripattana, 101; 107 Buddhaghoṣa, 101 Buddhasīha, 102 Buddhamitra, author of *Vīra-Śōliyam*, 13, 275, 683 Buddhavarma, 104 Buddhism, 19, 93, 101, 275; its influence on the Indian outlook, 445, 446; (its main features absorbed by Hinduism) 635; (Buddhist deities) 641, 643; its vestiges at Kanci, 645, 656-657, 679 Burma, 213, 214; Lower B., 216 Butuga II, 128, 130, 131 Byzantium, 447; (Rum), 460

c38.8

Cagis, 387 Cakkarak-kottam, 270 Cakrakotiya, 208 Cakrakuta, 208, 269, 270, 292; 297, conquest by Vikramaditya, 303, 325 Calukki-Kula-Kala-Caturvedimangalam (The Sabha of Nemali, S. A.), 584 Calukyas (Western), 4, 103, 104, 110; the rise of later Calukyas, 175, 177, 178, 198, 224, 225, 269-70; 301, 305-8, 323, 326, 329-30, 343, 349, 352, 386, 393, 419 Calukya-Cola line, 2, 245, 386 Calukya-Narayana, a surname of Saktivarman, 182; title of Manumasiddharasa, 430 Calukya-Vikrama era, 273, 329, 330 Camara, of the Periplus, 22 Cāmaramādas, 615 Cambay, Plates of Govinda IV, 232, 233 Campa (Kavirippum-Pattinam), 31 Campa, in further India, 242n Cāmuṇḍarāya, W. Calukya general, 263, 264 *Caṇḍakauśikam*: (Kṣemīśvara), 229, 230, 234 Candesanugrahamurti, The image of, 729 Candesvara, image of, 646, 728 Candesvara, 646; C. Peruvilai, 602 Candiran Suvarkki of Muranainagar, 673 Chandragupta, Maurya, 233

c38.9

Candramaulīśvara temple, at Tiruvakkarai, 642, 643 Cangalvas, 172, 227 Canganad, 227 *Carakasaṁhitā*, 632 Catural Caturi, a married courtesan, 554 Caturanana Pandita, 648, 649, 671-672 *Caturvedatatparya Sangraha*, work on Saiva philosophy, 688 Caturvedimangalam, 452, 492 Caturvedi-mangalam (Rd.) 412n Cāvaṇarasa, the Western Cāḷukya general, 210 Cebrolu, Inscription, 178, 343 Cedi, Haihayas of, 405 Cedimaṇḍala, 434 Cedirayas, 426, 430, 671, 672 Cellur Plates (of Vīra Coḍa), 288, 291, 319, 320, 349 Cengama (N. A.), 406, 406 Cennaya Balaya, 438 Cera, 7, 32, 169, 171, 172, 183, 203, 204, 221; power destroyed by Kul. I, 313, 380, 381, 383, 385, 406, 459, 596 Cera-Pandiyan-tambiran, 382 Cerobothra, of the Periplus, 22 Cevur, battle of, 151, 153, 154 Ceylon: 3, 23-25; Gajabahu synchronism, 53-54, 86, 121; unsuccessful invasion by Parantaka, 124, 132, 154; Rajaraja I's naval expedition, 172-3, 183, 196; conquest by Rajendra I, 199, 216, 223, 231; war of Rajadhiraja I, 248-53; Ceylon war of Virarajendra 271, 273, 305, 309; Ceylon war of Kul. I, 310-11; 314, 316, 323, 330, 333, 355, C. war under Rajadhiraja II, 366-372; under Kul. III, 378-385; 408n, 412n, 458, 465 'Ceylon type' coins, 11 Chandella king, Harṣadeva, 233 *Chandogasāma*, provision for study, 630 Chatras (senior pupils), 630, 631 Chau Ju-kua, 215, 216, 217; (on Cōḷa state banquet), 250; (on Cola system of justice), 480; (on products in the Cola counrty), 608-609 Che-li-fo-che (=Sri Vijaya), 214, 215 China trade, 84, 85, 194, 214; Cola missions to China, 219; Kul. I, relations with, 316-17, 459, 597, 598, 603-606, 607, 608, 609 Chinese writings as a source for the Colas, 15 Chryse, 85 Chuan-Chou, S. Indian sculptures of Indian puranic themes in, 608 Chulam (Quilon), 609 Chu-lien (= Cola), 219, 316, 606

c38.10

Cidambaram, 106; Parantaka I, covered with gold the Siva temple of C., 132; Rajamahendra's fragmentary inscription at C., 266, 274, 312, 325, 331, 333, 342, 344, 345, 346, 348, 349, 372, 379, 380, 381, 383, 395, 399, 423, 438, 473, 561, 585, 641, 643, 644, 651, 663; composition and publication of *Periyapurāṇam*, 675, 677, 679 Ciddanna, Cola-Maharaja, 258 Cittira-mēlip-periya-nāḍu, 490 Cittira-mēlip-periya nāṭṭār, the assemblage of, 595 Claudii, trade in the times of, 84 Coḍa, son of Gonka I, 343 Coḍa, Bhima, 181. See Bhima. Codaganga, 320 Cola-ganga tank, 210, 227 Cōla-gangan, 261, 448 Cola-Keralan, 261 Colakulaikarakṣa (title of Vīra Narasimha), 396 Colam, 19 Colamahadevi, queen of Ballala II, Hoysala, 400, 406 Cola-maharaja, 103, 104 Cola-maharajadhiraja Vikramaditya Satyāditya, 104 Cola-mandala Pratiṣṭhācārya, title of Narasimha II, 423 Cola-mārtāṇḍa, title of Rājarāja I, 186 Colana-Cakra, title of Araiyan Rajarajan, the general of Rajendra I, 205 Cola-narayana, title of Rajaraja I, 174, 182 Colandia, Indian boat, 85 Cola-Pandiyan-mandalam, 382 Cola-Pandya Viceroys, 196, 201, 203, 228, 261, 530, 573 Colapati, title, 395 Cōla-rājya-pratiṣṭhā-cāryam, title of Ballala II, 396 Colarattha (Cola country), 24 Cōlasthāpanācārya, title of Narasimha II, 396; title of Tikka, 434 *Colavaṁsa-Caritram*, 1, 14 Cola-Varidhi of Sholingur, 583 Colchi, 22 Colendra, title of Madhurantaka, son of Virarajendra, 267 Colendrasimha, title of Rajaraja I, 186 Colendrasimha, title of Rajaraja II, 353 Coleroon, Koḷḷiḍam, 18; Kolerun (river), 234, 423 Colesvara, Arinjigai-isvara at Melpadi, 187 Colombo museum, 200 Coorg, 171, 172, 227 Cora, Cola, 19 Cora(e)ya-deva's war, 225

c38.11

Corayya Nolambadhi raja, 175 Coromandel (corruption of Cola-mandalam), 438, 459; (Ma'bar), 608 Cou-ku-fei, 219 Covelong (Komalam), 623 *Cūḍāmaṇi* (Lexicon), 685 Cudamani Vihara, built at Negapatam by the Sailendra king, 185, 219, 220, 318, 466, 656 Culamani-Varama-deva, Sri, 214 Cu-li-ya, of Yuan Chwang, 102

c38.12

Daiva of Deva, 689 Dakṣiṇalāda in Gauḍa-dēśa, 368 Dakṣiṇāmūrti (Vinādhara), image of, 646, 701, 702, 709, 727, 728 Daligapadi, 175 Damilas, 24, 155, 200, 249, 250 Damirica, 22, 85 Damodara, a Cola samanta, 327 Damon and Pythias, 45 Dāna, preferred to yajna, 451, 452, 650 Dānārṇava, Eastern Cāḷukya, 179, 180, 181 Danatonga, 454 Danda bhukti, 208, 209, 229, 231 Dandanatha, Commandant, 169, 368, 422, 423 Daṇḍanāyakan Narakkaṇ Kṛṣṇan Raman, 226 Dannada (Dhanyakataka), the battle of, 224 Dandapura, 643 *Dakṣiṇameruviṭaṅkan*, (standard weight for jewel), 620 Damanakacceri, 595 Dandam, 521 Dandi, author of *Kavyādarśa*, 683 *Dandiyalaṅgaram*, 668, 683, 684 *Danma Vaṇiyar* (the just merchants), 595 Dantisakti Vitanki alias Loka Mahadevi, queen of Rajaraja I, 186, 575 Dappula IV, 123 Dārukavana (sage), 732 Dasapanman, 257 Dasa-Vandam, 531, 532 Davanac-cettis, 595 Dekabbe, 553 Desi system of music, 653 Devadāna, 113, 529, 531, 532, 533, 541, 548, 570, 571, 572, 573, 576, 578, 580-582, 585, 595, 603 Devadāna-nāṭṭavar, 490 *Devagoṣṭhas*, 734 Devakala (or kulo) not correct restoration of Tia-hua-kia-lo, 316, 317 Devales, 200 Devakanmis, 506, 581 Devagiri, king of, 306

c38.13

Devanatha, W. Calukya general, 268 Dēvaraḍiyār, 6, 490, 554, 556 Devaraja cult, 452 Dēvāram, 6, 54, 184, 638, 646, 662, 695 Dēvāraṇāyakam, Superintendent of Dēvāram, 638 Deyvaccilaiyar, 685 Dhananjaya-Varman, 103 Dhānuṣṭra, 596 Dhārā, of Bhoja, 208 Dharaṇi-muluduḍaiyāḷ, queen of Rajaraja II, 351 Dharaṇendra, the serpent king, 20 Dharavarsha, king of Cakrakuta, 292 Dharmapala of Dandabhukti, 208, 209, 229 Dharma Pala of Pala dynasty, 232 Dharmapuri (Tagadur), (Sm.), 326 Dharmāsana, 473, 474 Dharmasana-bhattas, 474 Dharma-sastras, 5, 89 Dharma-sutras, 64 Dharma-Variyam, 511 Dharma Varma, 106 Dhvaja-Patas, 549 Digambara Jains, 655 Dinacintāmaṇi, the surname of Madhurantaki, the queen of Kul. I, 332 Diṅnāga, 55 Dirghasi, Inscription of Vanapati, 289 Divākara, a restoration of Ti-hua-kia-lo, 316 *Divākaram* of Sēndan, 484n, 685 Divya Prabhandam, 695 *Divya-sūri-caritra*, 13, 106, 295, 636 Domitian, 21, 84 Donur (Bijapur dst.), 176 Dorasamudra, Hoysala capital, 423, 428 Drākṣārāma, 256, 309, 321, 329, 330, 352, 430 Dravidas, the five, 205, 306 Droham (treason), 427 Dulu country, 250 Durgā, 646 Durgā-Parameśvarī, 646 Durvinita, Ganga ruler, author of the Sanskrit version of the *Bṛhat-kathā*, 665 Dutch, the 222 Duṭṭha gāmaṇi, 24 Dvaraka (Tuvarai), 350 *Dvārapālaka*, figures in Cōḷa period, 734

c38.14

Eastern Archipelago, 194 Eastern Calukya Copper Plates, 1, 10, 100, 179, 182, 245 Eastern Ganga Inscriptions, 10 East Indies, 194 Eccoru, 532

c38.15

Eciga (Ecama), 326 Edagam (Elagam), 408 Ededore, 197, 205 Edirilisola, title of Kul. II, 349 Edirilisola, Rajaraja II's title, 353 Ediriliśōla Sambuvaraya (his part in the Pandyan civil war), 368, 478 Edirili Śōla alias Sengēṇi Ammaiyappan Sīyan Ammaiyappan, 373 Edirttavarkālan (Tam. death of opponents), title of Araiyan Rajarajan, general of Rajendra I, 205 Egypt, 84, 85, 86 Ekabhoga-iraiyili, 373 Ekamresvara temple at Kanci, 399 Ekapada, 596 Ekavalli-Vadam (necklace of precious stones), 404 Ēkavīra, the great general of Bhima, killed by Saktivarman, 181 Elagam (Edagam), 408 Elagappadai, 382, 408 Elagattar, 370, 408n Elara, 24, 25, 54 Eli-malai, rat hill, 222 Elini, Cera king, 406 Ēliśaimōgan alias Jananātha Kacciyarāyan, 402, 403 Ēliśaimōgan Manavālap-Perumāḷ Vāṇilaikaṇḍān Rājarrāja Kāḍavarāyan, Kūḍal, 405 Ēliśai-mōhan, a mandapa at Vṛddhācalam, 350 Ēlisai-Vallabhi (with title Ēḷulagudaiyāḷ), Kul. I's queen, 332 Elleri, sack by the Hoysalas, 423 Eluppelupadu, 669 Eluttu, 468 Eṇādi, 72, 74, 462 Eṇiccēri, 49 Engaraya, one of the minsters of Kul. I, 322 Ennayiram (S.A.), 546, 559, 560, 598; college at, 630-631; strong centre of Vaiṣṇavism, 646 Eṇpērāyam, 69 Ēṟelupadu, 672 Ereyanga, Hoysala king, 306; son of Vinayaditya, 326 Erama Siddharasa alias Madhurantaka Pottappicolan, 389, 430 Ēri-āyam, 531, 583 Ēri-īvu, 530 Ēri-mudal, 511 Ēri-paṭṭi, 523, 576 Eṟṟa siddha, son of Beta, 388, 390 Erumur, 585 Ēyarkōn-Kalikkāman, 106

c38.16

Fo-che, 214 Foulkes, 17n

c38.17

'Four Thousand Hymns' (Nālāyirap-Prabandam), 662

c38.18

Gadilam, 423 Gadval Plates, 105 Gadyakarṇāmṛta, a historical romance, 421, 422, 424 Gadyāṇa, 611, 617, 618, 619 Gaṇapati, icon presented to Tanjore temple, 646, 703 Gajabāhu I, synchronism, 3, 53, 54, 55 Gahadvalas, The, of Kanauj, 325 Gajari, image of, 709 Ganam, 494 Gaṇapati, Kākatiya ruler, 391, 435, 436 Gaṇḍagōpāla (alias Tikka), 430, 433, 436 Gaṇḍagōpālan-māḍai, 616 Gaṇḍappayya, 224 Gaṇḍarādittan, Madurāntakan, an official of Rajaraja I, probably the son of Madurantaka Uttama Cōḷa, 158, 161, 188 Gaṇḍarāditya (dēva), Rāja Kēśari, son of Parantaka I, 134, 141; alias Mummaḍi Cōḷa, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 151, 152, 153, 158, 161, 187, 453, 522, 641 Gaṇḍarādityarasa, lord of Mahiṣmatipura, 255 Gandharan, art, 87, 657 Gangādhara, image of, 709 Gangas, 110, 114, 115, 120, 121, 126, 127, 128; conquered by Rājarāja I, 174, 175, 176, 177, 268, 319, 326, 347, 401, 403, 430 Gangaikoṇḍa-Cōḷa, title of Rājēndra I, 227, 293 *Gangaikoṇḍa Cōḷa*: Dr. S. K. Iyengar, 229 Gangaikoṇḍa-Cōla-milāḍuḍaiyār, 226 Gangai-koṇḍa-Cōḷapuram, 19; a 19th century description of 234-35, 325, 332, 345, 346, 349, 357, 449, 450, 571, 642, 694, 695, 710; description of, 713-717, 719, 720, 722, 728, 729 Gangai-koṇḍa-Cōḷēśvara, temple, 449 Gangai-koṇḍa-cōḷapuram, 143; not Mudigoṇḍa-cōḷapuram, 227, 267, 268, 274, 398, 438 Gangai-koṇḍa-soḷa, Cōḷa-Pāṇḍya Viceroy, 267 Gangai-kula-tilaka (Sekkilar), 675 Gangamadeviyar, wife of Vīra-soḷa-Ilangovelar, 553 Ganga-mandala, 172, 177, 187, 307, 308, 342, 352, 372, 616 Ganga-nadu, 406 Gangapadi, conquered by Rajaraja I, 174, 176, 263, 264, 265 Ganga-Perumanadi, 258

c38.19

Gangapuri, 227, 260, 274, 332, 353, 448 Gangaraja, Hoysala general who captured Talakad, 326, 327 Gangarasayira, 174 Gangāśūrapperumbaḷḷi of Rājēndrapuram, 655 Gangavadi, loss of G. under Kul. I, 325-28, 330, 343 Ganges, 20, 83, 86, 196; Gangetic expedition of Rajendra, I, 206-10 Gangeya, a chief, 455 Gangeyan, Kuttan's patron, 669 Gannarasa Nolamba, 175 Gauda-desa, 368, 642 Ghatika, at Vembarrur, 633 Ghatti-nulamba Bhujabalavira Aho-mallarasa Cōla Mahārāja, 372 Ghola-mukha, 596 Girindraja (Sivakami), (of Cidambaram temple), 399 Goa, Kadambas of, 618 Godavāri, 206, 207, 270 Golakamaharṣi, Saiva Ācārya, 727 Gomadattu Arulala Bhattan, 648 Gonka I, 320, 343 Gonka II, Velanāṇṭi, 387 Golaki matha, 651 Gopayya Dandanayaka, 424, 428 Gopracarabhumi (grazing common), 532 Gotami, 322 Govinda IV, the Cambay Plates, 233, 234 Govinda Candra, of Vangala, 207, 209, 232 Govindanahalli, 396 Govindaraja, shrine in Cidambaram, removal of this shrine by Kul. II, 349 Govinda Vallavarayar, 134. See Viramādevi. Grahi (Kia-lo-hi), 215 Grāmadrohis, 501 Grāmakāryam (village executive), 500 Guhai, 650, 652 Guhai-iḍi-kalaham in the 22nd year of the reign of Kulottunga III, 652 Gunabhadra, author of Uttara Purāṇa, 666 Guṇaḍhya, 665 Gunamudita, 103 Gunasagara, (the Guru of Amita Sagara), 682 Gunavira Paṇḍita, author of Nēminādam, 684 Gurjara-Pratihara empire, 229-233 Guru-devar of Rajadhiraja I, 452 *Guru-Paramparai*, 13, 106, 107, 143 Gururaja Rudradeva-Sola-Maharaja, Mahamandalesvara, 438 Guttas, of Guttal, 101 Gutti, 272

c38.20

Haihayas, The, 309, 405 Halahalasya temple, at Madura, 399 *Hālāsya-māhātmya*, 677 Halebid, some images sought to be carried to, 327 Hangal, 226 Haradattacārya, 688 Harihara, image of, 729 *Harihara-tāratamya*, a sectarian polemic, by Haradattacarya (d. 1119), 688 Harnahalli (Mys.), 424 Harsadeva, Chandella King, 233. Hasti-giri-alvar or Arulala Perumal at Kanci, 645. Hastimalla, Ganga King, 121, 126. Hemagarbhas, performed by Parantaka I, 135. Hemavati (Mys.), 400. Himalayas, the; Karikāla's expedition to, 10, 36, 44, 93 Hinduism (its relation to Buddhism), 635; (beginning of sectarian intolerance, 636, 643, 647 Hipparchus, 84. Hiranyagarbha, 186, 452. Hoogly, 232. Hottur, inscription of Satyasraya (1007 A.D.) 176, 182, 197, 198. Hoysalas, 5, 7, 10, 172, 301, 306; rise of 325; win Gangavāḍi 328, 352, 378, 386, 393, (begin to intervene for Colas against Pandyas), 396-397, 406, 417, 418, 419, 420, 422, 424, 425; (influence in Cola country); 428-429, 432; (change sides), 433; (relations to Rajendra III), 436, 437. Hulimadda, 478. Huzur Treasury Plates of Tiruvalla, 139n. Hyder Ali, 593.

c38.21

Ibn Hawqal, Arab writer, 604 Icons, of the Cola period, 727-736; Stone I., 728; Metal I., 729. Iḍaikkāḍar, 668 Idavai, 112. Iḍiturai-nāḍu, conquered by Rajendra I, 197. Iḍangai (class), 454. Ilāda (chiefs), 535 Iladaraya, late chiefs of N. Arcot district, 188. Ilakkarungāśu, 617 Ilaiya Tirunavukkaraiyan, portrait of, 726. Īlak-kāśu (Ceylon Kāśu), 617, 618 Ilam (Ceylon), 152, 172, 249, 372, 377, 380, 382, 384

c38.22

Ilamandalam (Ceylon), conquered by Rajaraja I, 172; by Rajendra I, 199, 249. Ilampūranar, 685 Ilāmuridēsam, 213, 217 Ilandattan, a minstrel, 40 Ilangāśōkam, Lankasoka, 211, 216, 217. Ilanjētcenni, father of Karikāla, 31, 37. Ilanjētcenni, Neydalangānal; Śeruppāḷiyerinda, Cōla Princes, 49 Ilas, 490 Iḷavandigaip-paḷḷi, where Nalangiḷḷi died, 39. Ilavas, 548, 578. Indaladeva of Talaigrama, 226 Indala-devi, wife of Vallaraiyar, 226. Indo-China (Hindu Colonies in), 459, 604. Indra III, the Rastrakuta King, 232, 233. Indraratha, 208. Indravati, river, 208. Ingallur-nadu, 188 Irai, 331, 522, 528, 536, 537, 571-572, 577, 582, 585. -dravyam, 509 -kāval, 509, 524, 577, 586, 603 -kudigaḷ, 568 -kadan (land-tax), 531 *Iraiyanār Kaḷaviyal*, 64, 686 Iraiyili, 491, 534, 535, 536, 540, 550, 664. -devadana, 495, 536, 540 -kasu, 531-532, 534 Irāmakuḍam, Rāmaghaṭa, 221, 222 Irangal, 535. Iraṭṭan, 272 Iraṭṭapādi, 268 -Praśastis of Rājēndra II, 260 Iraṭṭarāja-kula-kālan, a title of Vīrarājendra, 262 Iravu, 522. Irāyiravan, 552 Irāyiravan Pallavaraiyan, alias Mummadi Sola Posanar of Araisur, an officer of Perundanam rank of Raja Raja I, 189. Ireccayan, 263. Irugaiyan, 262-3. Irumadi-solan, a title, 261. Irupā-virupahdu, 680 Īśāna Śiva, Rājaguru of Rājarāja I, 412. Istakhri, Arab Writer on Siraf, 606. Isvara Siva, spiritual Guru of Kul. III, 399. I-Tsing, 186, 218, 604, 629.

c38.23

Jagadalpur, 208. Jagadekamalla Udayaditya Nolamba Pallava Perumānadi, a vassal of Jayasimha II, 224, 618. Jagannātha Vijaya, a Kannaḍa Campu, 397. Jagatipāla, of Kanauj, 250, 251, 311 Jaiminīya Sāma Veda, 640 Jainism, 93, 95, 535, 636, 644, 655, 657, 679. Jaiya, 215. Jambai (S.A.), 188. Jambudipa, 121, 154. Jambukesvara, temple, 53. Jananatha, title of Rajaraja I, 186. Jananātha, Western Cāḷukya, general, 270. Jananātha - Caturvedimangalam, the sabha of, 575. Jananātha Kacciyarāyan alias Araśanārāyaṇan Ēliśaimōgan, 402, 403 Jananāthamangalam, the old name of Polonnaruva after the title of Rajaraja I, 173. Janapada, 457, 505. Janapada-nivaha, 483n. Janma-bhumi (Jivita), 529. Jaṭā Cōḍa, 180-1; wrongly identified with Jaṭavarman Sundara Pāṇḍya, 192n; J. Cola, 227. Jātakas, 23, 51 Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan, 509 Jāti-dharma, 526 Jatilavarman, Pandya King, 166n. Java, Sho-Po of the Chinese, 219; Influence on, 709 Javanese merchants, 605. Jayabahu I, of Ceylon, 316. Jayabhima temple at Tanjore, 450. Jayadhara, title of Kul. I, 330. Jayāditya, 688 Jayadratha, Sinhalese General, 368 Jayakesi I, Kadamba King of Goa, 273, 306. Jayamāḍa, 615 Jayamuri-Nāḍālvān Senāpati, a feudatory of Rājēndra II, 266 Jayangonda, a name of Rajaraja I, 186, 682 Jayangoṇḍār, author of *Kalingattupparaṇi*, Kavic-cakravarti, 13, 293, 304, 320, 668, 686. Jayangoṇḍaśōla-maṇḍalam, 465, 470, 505, 538, 682. Jayantamangala, 422. Jayapalas, 595. Jayasimha II, W. Calukya, succeeded Vikramaditya V, 204; war with Rajendra I, 205, 224. Jayasimha III, younger brother of Vikramaditya VI, 273, Viceroy of Banavase, 306, 308; his revolt against his brother and his seeking Kul. I's help, 309. Jayasinga Kula Kala, title of Araiyan Rajarajan, the General of Rajendra I, 205. Ji-lo-ting of Chau Ju-kua, 215 Jinagiripalli, 655 Jinālayas, erected by Ganga Perumanadi and destroyed by Cōḻa King, 258. Jina - Kāñcī (Tirupparuttikkuṉṟu), 645, 656. Jīvaka, 666, 667 Jñānarāśi, 649 Jīvita, 464, 529, 570, 575, 580 Jīvitapparru, 505 Jñāna Śivācārya of Sūryanārkoyil, 688. Julii, 84. Jus Connubii, of the rich Vellalas with royal families, 88. Jvala, Skt. form. of Salai, 190n.

c38.24

Kacci (Kāñcīpuram), 386, 649 Kaccip-pēḍu-niṉṟāṉ, a measure, 623 Kacciyum-Tañjaiyum Koṇḍa, title of Kṛṣṇa III, 130, 132 Kadagams (Cantonments), 456 Kaḍai--irai, 532 Kadaladaiyādilangai Koṇḍa - śōḻa-Vaḷanāḍu, 284n. Kaḍamai, 499, 502, 505, 522, 523, 526, 532, 585. Kaḍamaik-kāriyam, 500 Kadambas, 198; 306, 618. Kadamba-madevi, 115 Kadambavanesvara, the temple of Erumbur (S.A.), 707. Kaḍāram : eastern limit of Rājēndra I's conquests 196; the Kaḍāram Campaign of Rajendra I, 211-21; identified by Kanakasabai with Sri Khettara, ancient Prome 241n; conquest by Virarajendra 271-2; Kulottunga I, relations with 317-19; (building of Buddhist Viharas by King of Kadaram at Negapatam), 318, 606, 656. Kaḍaiśiyar, 87 Kādavarāyas, the, 263, 349, 353, 373, 401-405, 419, 420, 422, 423, 424, 426, 428, 437, 534, 663. Kāḍavarāyadiśāpaṭṭa, title of Vīra Narasimha Hoysala, 420. Kāḍavan Mahādevi. alias Śōlan Śoruḍaiyāl, queen of Kul. I, 333. Kaḍigaik-kalattukkōl, 621 Kadigai-mārāyan, 462 Kadiyalūr Rudrangaṇṇaṉār, 75 Kadungon, line of the Pāṇḍyas, 100 Kāḍupaṭṭigaḷ, a Cōḻa queen, 114

c38.25

Kāḍupaṭṭigaḷ Nandipottaraiyar (Nandivarman II or III), 706. Kāḍūveṭṭi, 352 Kahapana, 367. Kaikayas, 380, 384. Kaikkilai, uniliteral love, 64. Kaikkolapperumbadai, 454, 456. Kaikkolar, 454, 457, 574, 599. Kailasanatha temple of Ellora, 695. Kailasanatha temple at Kancipuram, 641, 693, 698. Kai-vāśi, 527 Kaiyeḻuttōlai (Pro-note), 599 Kajaragama, 271. Kakandan, 31. Kākatiyas, 198, chief Prola, 339, 386, 387, 391, 419, 430, 435; Kākatīya Rudra, 672 Kākandi, 31 Kalabhra interregnum, 64; their part in Political Unsettlement in South India and the rule of Accuta Kalabha, 101-2. Kāladōṣam (bad time), 562 Kālagam, 83; Naccinārkkiniyar on, 218. Kālaharamurti, icon of, 728 Kalahasti, 115, 120, 126, 226, 372, 388. Kāl-aḷavu-kūli (toll on articles measured by capacity), 530. Kāl-aḷavupāṭṭam, 599 Kālakalabha, auhtor of Gadyakarṇāmṛta, 421 Kālāmukhas, the, 648, 649 Kalandai, 105; (birth place of Pugalendi), 673, 678; (birth place of Vaccaṇandi), 684 Kalanais, 490, 588. Kalañju, 522, 529, 555, 557, 558-559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 672-573, 586, 587, 599; 600, 601, 613-618, 619, 624, 631, 653. Kāla-piḍāri, 646 Kalappālan, a feudatory of Rājēndra III, 438. Kalappālarāyan, royal official of Kul. III), 400. Kālapriya, (temple at Kaveripākkam, built by Kṛṣṇa III), 641 Kalāttalaiyār, a Poet, 50 Kalatti-uḍaiyār, the temple fo, 726 *Kalavaḷi*, 51, 52, 73, 94 Kalaviyal, Iṟaiyaṉār, 64, 686 Kalavu, 93 Kālidāsa, army leader of the Calukyas, 254. Kalidindi, plates of Rajaraja Narendra, 210-11 Kāli-gaṇam, 489 Kalikaḍinda-sōḻa, title of Kul. II, 349. Kaḷikkōṭṭai, 382, 385

c38.26

Kalinga (m) country, 13, 180, 181, 218, 270, 1st and 2nd K. war of Kul. I, 321-23; 328, 334, 342, 347, 366, 431, 668, 696. Kalinganagara, 289. Kalingaraya, title of Naralokavira, 314. Kālingarāyan, name of the Cōḷa throne (at Ayirattaḷi), 319. Kālingar-kōn, alias Naralōkavīra, 347. *Kalingattu-paraṇi*, a Poem, 13, 14, 31, 54, 75, 116, 171, 217-8, 246, 261, 266, 291, 293, 294, 296; its silence on Adhirajendra's reign, 295, 297, 303, 304; on Kul. I's fight with Vikramaditya VI, 308; on Kulottunga's destruction of the fleet at Sālai, 313; on Kul. I's destruction of Kadaram, 316; on the Kalinga wars of Kul. I, 320, 321; on the titles of Kul. I, 330; on the queens of Kul. I, 332; 333, 346, 668-669. *Kalittogai*, 4, 50 Kaliyuga era, 9. *Kallāḍam*, a Poem of Kallāḍanār, 667-668. Kalliyūr-mūlai, sack by the Hoysalas, 423. Kalpi, 232. Kaḷumalam, 63; battle, 51, 74 Kalyāṇapura — Kalyāṇī made the Calukya capital, 198, sacked by the Colas, 224, 255, 259, 272; 306, 419 conquest by Rajadhiraja I, 562, great road to, 594 Kalyāṇapuran-goṇḍa-śōḻa, title of Rajadhiraja I, 259. Kalyāṇasundara, an aspect of Śiva, 646. Kalyāṇī, wife of Arinjaya, Vaidumba Princess, 142, 153. Kamadavalli, Caturvedimangalam, constitution of, 500 Kāmakkūttam, 64 Kamalāvatī, mother of Śengaṇān, 53 Kamalālaya-bhaṭṭa, author, 664 Kammāṇaccēri (artisans' quarter), 535. Kāmarasavalli (Tri.), 490 Kāmārṇava, the Eastern Ganga King of Kalinga, 181. *Kāmasūtra* of Vātsyāyana, 78 Kamban, 25n, 667, 670-672, his son Ambikapati, 683. Kambhoja, 26n; 216; (gift by its King of a stone to Kul. I), 317, 325; 596 Kampaharesvara (Tribhuvana-viresvara), temple of, 398, 720-722, 723, 734. Kampa-madevi alias Tribhuvana-madevi, queen of Kul. I, 333.

c38.27

Kampili, Calukya palaces destroyed by the Cōlas, 253, 272 Kanakasenabhaṭāra, 655 Kaṇakka-vari, 532 Kaṇaikkāl Irumporai, 51, 72 Kāṇam, 578 Kāna-nāḍu, capture of, by Daṇḍanāyaka-Ravi-deva on behalf of Vira Somesvara, 433. Kāñcī - Kāñcana - Kāḍavakukāntaka, title of Vira Narasimha, 420. Kancipuram (Ch.) legend of conquest by Karikāla, 36, 95; Yuanchwang's stay at K. 102; 105, 132, 159, 178; Rajendra residing at, 204; Saivas imported from the Ganges region, 210; 255, 273, 294, 309, 322, 1327, 333, 372, 373, 377, 382, 387, 389, 390, 399, 404, 420, 428, 430, 434, 435, 436, 448, 458, 467, 473, 489, 503, 505, 526, 530, 548, 552, 589; (nagaram of), 594, 598, 601, 616, 620, 641, Buddhist vestiges at K. 645; (a Jaina centre in its suburb), 656, 657. Kāndai or Karandai, where the Cōḷa awaited the Calukya, 265, 268. Kaṇḍan, (title of Rājarāja II), 353 Kaṇḍan, Kārivarman, alias Rāmakuḍa Mūvar, Tiruvaḍi, a Mūṣaka King, 223. Kaṇḍan Mangalattevan, alias Tuvarāpativēḷān, 375 Kandan Madhavan of Kulattur, 642. Kandan Maravan, a feudatory, 503, 528. Kandan Sundarattolan, alias Tuvarapati-Velan, 375. Kandar-dinakaran, 255. Kandavura Nuvara, 173. Kañgāṇi-mā-nellu, 532 Kankāḷamūrti, image of, 729 Kannara-deva Kṛṣṇa III, 127, 130, 131, 140; who took Kacci and Tanjai, 649. Kaṇṇāṭa, 173, 314 Kanni, land of (Pandya country), 312; 394. Kanni (= Parvati), 31 *Kannivana-Purāṇam*, 664 Kāṇi (tenure), 473, 492, 504, 540, 570, 574-575, 576, 580. Kāṇi (weight), 573, 624 Kāṇik-kaḍan, 581 -kāṇi-uḍaiyār, 523, 539 Kanimurrūṭṭu, 507 Kaṇkāṇi, 658, 470 Kanmālar, 550 Kannadiyas, 427 Kannaki, 75, 78, 91 Kannakucci, 223; -yar, 248 Kaṇṇan, Kṛṣṇan, 94

c38.28

Kannanūr, defeat and death of Somēśvara at the battle of, K. (1264), 437 Kaṇṇappar, 646 Kanauj, 223, 233, 248, 311 325 Kaṇhadāsa, Buddhadatta lived in a monastery at Kāveripaṭṭanam built by K. 101 Kannara country, 272 Kāntan, 18, 31 Kaṇṭhikā, necklace, 272 Kanyakubja, 229 Kanyākumārī was held to absolve a woman from the sin of incest, 91; 121, 265, 267, 270, 274 Kanyakumari Stone Inscription of Vīrarājēndra, 8, 31; on the foundation of Tanjore, 113, 117n, 116, 141, 198, 245, 267, 274, 687 Kāpālika school of Śaivism, 641, 648, 651 Kapilar, a Sangam poet, 43 Karadīgal, a pillar of victory, set up by Vīrarājēndra I, 272 Karaṇattān, 475 Karandai (Tanjore), The Plates of Rājēndra I, 8, 113, 141, 176, 183, 195, 220, 602, 734 Kārāṇmai, 577, 578 Karhad, grant, 132 *Kārigai* of Amita Sāgara, 682, 685 Kārigai-Kuḷattūr, 353, 682 Karikāla Cōḻa, 2, 8, 20; his effort to civilize the nomadic tribes, 23, 30-1; his accession, 32; battle of Veṇṇi and Vākaipparandalai, 33, personal life, religion and death, 35; legends about him, 36; attempt to fix the Sangam age on the basis of a fifth century date for him, 63, 74, 90, 102, 116, 227; origin of the classes Valaṅgai and Iḍaṅgai traced to, 550, 584 Karikāla Cōḻa, 'who took the head of the Pāṇḍya,' 157. See Aditya II. Karikāla Cōḻa, title of Vīrarājēndra, 246, 274 Karikāla Cōḻa, title of Kul. III, 398 Karikāla Cōḻa-dēva who took Madura and Īḻam (Rājādhirāja II), 372, 504, Karikāla Cōḻa-dēva, 504; (K. Parakēsari who raised the banks of the Kāvēri), 583 Kārik-kaṇṇanār, of Kāvirippumpaṭṭiṉam, 49 Kariyāṟṟut-tuñjiya Neḍuṅgiḷḷi, 38 Kariyāṟu, battle of, 36 Karṇāṭas, 347, 424 Karṇāṭas, of Mithila, 210, 231, 233 Kāṟpu, 93 Karpuravilai, 535

c38.29.1

Karṟaḷi, queen of Vikrama Kēsari, 155 Karṟaḷip-pirāṭṭi, wife of Tennavaṉ Iḷaṅgō-Vēḷār alias Maṟavaṉ Pūdiyār, 155 Kārttigai-ariśi, 532 Kārttigai-paccai, 532 Karumigaḷ, 463, 465 Karuṇākaramaṅgalam, type of *ēkabhōga-brahmadēya*, 578 Karuṇākarat-toṇḍaimān, generalissimo of Kulōttuṅga I, Lord of Vandai, 322, 323, 333, 347 Karuṅgasu, 617 Karuṅgulaṉ-Ādaṉār, 35 Karūr, Cēra capital, 36; siege and capture of, 41 Karuvūr, 42, 49, 51, 105, 266, 267, 377, 382, 385, 391, 398, 400, 431 Karuvūrdēvar, hymn on the Tanjore temple, 184 Kāśāyam, 532 Kassapa V, sovereign of Lanka, 121, Kassapa, son of Mahinda V; ruled under the title of Vikkamabahu, 200 Kāśu, 399, 400, 427, 478, 479, 502, 525, 532, 533, 534, 537, 540, 555, 557, 558, 561, 573, 575, 586, 587, 599, 600, 614, 619, 620 Kāśu-kaḍamai, 533 Kāśu-koḷḷā-iṟaiyili, 540 Kāśu-koḷḷā-ūr-kīḻ-iṟaiyili, 535 Kāṭci-erudu-kāśu, 531, 573 Kaśyapa Gotra, of Renadu Cōḷas, 2, 104 Kaṭāha, 185, 211, 213, 217, 231 Kaṭṭi, 50 Kaṭṭumannarkōyil, 346 Kāṭṭūr, an Ayyapulal changed into a Virapaṭṭiṇa, 597 Kāval-kāraṉ, 533 Kātyāyana, reference to the Cōḷas, 20 Kauṭilya, 67, 233; on Pranaya, 522 Kāvēri, 18, 19; origin of the Kāveri, 31, 49, 87 Kāvērik-karai-viniyōgam, 527 Kāvēripaṭṭinam (=Khaberis of Ptolemy), 22; a celebrated emporium according to Pali books, 23; probably the Kolapattana of the *Questions of king Milinda*, 23, 31, 39, 53;

c38.29.2

Buddhadatta, 101 Kāvidi, a title, 88 Kavi-Kumuda-Candra alias Tirunārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa, 664 Kāvirippum-paṭṭiṉam alias Puhār (=Kāverīpaṭnam), 25n; earlier name Campā, 31, 35, 39, 49; description of K., as in Sangam literature, 80-82 *Kāvyādarśa* of Daṇḍi, 683 Kerala, 124, 125, 134; Kerala princess, 142; Rājarāja I's campaign, 169, 173, 197; K. war of Rajendra I, 201-3, 221-3, 245, 251, 256, 267, 273; reconquest by Kul. I, 310, 312, 313, 379, 380, 384, 649 Keralāntaka, 816 Kesava, the Calukya general, 176 Kesava-dandanayaka, 263 Kesavasvamin in the service of Rajaraja II, 686 Kesi, 268 Kettarasan, 263 Khaberis of Ptolemy (= Kaveripattanam), 22 Khidrapur, identified with Koppam, 256 Khmer, kingdom of Kamboja, 317, 325 Kia-lo-hi (= Grahi at Jaiya), 215 Kidā-kāśu (cess on each head of male cattle), 531 Kidāram, 217 Kie-tch'a, Chinese form of Kaṭaha, 218 Kie-t'o (later form of Kie-tch'a = Kedah), 218 Kilaippālōr, 69 Kilān, 464 Kilānaḍigal, queen of Rajendra II, 265 Kilenilaya, The battle of, 367 Killi (= Cōḷa), 19, 37, 72 Killi, a Cōḷa king, 8, 116 Killi—the king who settled in Tenkavira-nadu, a clan of Brahmins exercising the right of crowning kings, 350 Killi-Valavan of the *Manimekalai*, 37, 77 Killi-Valavan who died at Kuḷamurram, 40 Kil-irai-pāṭṭam (smaller taxes), 531, 533 Kil-mugaveṭṭi, 467 Kirātārjunīya, image of, 646, 731 Kish (Qais), entrepot of Indian trade, 606-607, 609 Kitti, 250; assumed the title of Vijayabahu, 253;

c38.29.3

freed Rohana of enemies, 310 K'iu-tz'i, envoys of, to China, 606 Kōccadaiyan Raṇadhīra, assumed title Śembiyan, 105 Kōccengaṇān, 8, 30, 51-3, 117 Kōdai-Pirāṭṭiyār, queen of Arinjaya, 152 Kōdaṇḍarāma, surname of Āditya I, 113 Kodandarama, another name of Rajaditya, grandson of Aditya I, 134 Kodandaramesvara, temple at Tondamanad, erected over Aditya's remains, 115 Kodavasal, Kudavayir-kōṭṭam, 72 Kodikkarukku (scroll work), 720 Kōdikkavi, 680 Kodumbai, 125; see Koḍumbāḷūr. Koḍumbāḷūr, 101; Vēḷir chiefs of, 125-6, 134, 145, 154, 155, 156, 165n, 595, 648 Koḍungōḷūr, 170 Kokkilān, mother of Rājāditya, 134, 142 Kola (= Cōla), 19 Kola-paṭṭana, 23 Kolāla (Kolar), 326, 327 Kolanu (mod. Ellore), 321, 366 Kolerun, anikat, 235 Kolhapur, 256, 257 Kōli, 46; Gaṇḍarāditya calls himself lord of K. 152 Kōl-kūli, 599 Koliñjivāḍi Plates of Acyutadevarāya, 438 Koḷiyak-kuḍaiyār (?) of Kuḥur, 479-80 Kollam, fight at 347, 379, 384 Kollam, Rajaraja I's expedition against, 171 Kollā-maṭha, at Vārāṇasi, 642 Kollāpuram, conquest of (by Rajadhiraja I), 562 Koḷḷidam, 18; see Coleroon and Kolerun. Kollippākkai, 197; destruction of 224, 225, 330, 343 Kōl-nirai-kūli (toll on articles measured by weight), 530 Komaran Kulōttunga-Śōḷa-Caturvēdimangalam, 372 Kommayya, W.

c38.29.4

Calukya general, 254 Kommuru (Guntur dist.), 329 Kōnāḍu, 457 Konas, The, 387 Konda-Padumaṭi, 329 Kōneri, Ūr of, 601 Kongāḷvas, a dynasty sub-ordinate to the Cōḷas, 172, 227, 618 Kongapperuvali, 594 Kongas, 347 Kongu (desa) country, 51, 109n, conquered by Aditya I, 114, 115, 120, 174, 175, 326, 352, 367, 382, 391, 398, 400, 594, 665 *Kongudēśa-Rājākkal*, 14, 114 Kongu-maṇḍalasātakam, 665 Kongu-Vēḷir, author of *Perungadi*, 665 Konkana, 172 Konkan Mauryas, 27n Koppam, 246, 248; battle of K. described, 256-61, 264, 270, 393, 683 Kōpperuñjinga, 10, 402, 403, 404, 420; 422-424; 429, 430, 432, 434, 436; (tyrannical rule of), 573

c38.30

Kopperuñjōḻaṉ, 45-7, 70 Koraṅganātha, temple of, in Śrīṉivāsanallūr, 705, 710, 724, 727, 728 Korkai, The Śiva temple at, 695 Korraṇḍai, Śeñjiyarkōn, chief of Jiṅgi, Pugaḻēndi's Kalambakam, 673 Korravai, 94 Kosala(i)-nadu, 207, 232, 263; Kamban's description of, an idealised picture of a Cōḷa country, 671 Kosalai Southern, conquest by Rajendra I, 208-9; Purvarastra, 228 Kosar, 21 Kōṭas, The, 387 Kōṭṭam, 465 Kōṭṭam Vagai, 472 Kōṭṭagāram (granaries), 578 Kōṭtams (temples), 641 Kōṭṭaikkarai, 18 Kōṭṭār, 203 fights at, 347 Kōṭṭāru, (fortress), burnt at 312; settlement at K., 313, 456 Kovalan, 75, 78 Kovalaraya, title of the Malaiyamans, 405 Kovilur (Tj.), 400 Koyil Tevarayan-pettai, 648 Kovil-venni, in Tanjore dist., identified with Venni where Karikala won a victory, 32 Kovirajamarayar, 149 Kōvūr-kiḻār, on Nalangiḷḷi, 37; his address to Neduṅgiḷḷi, 39, 40, 43, 65, 70 Koyattur (in Chittoor dist.), 327 Kōyiloḻugu, 266, 345, on Koyil kottu, 355-6 Kōyil Vāśalil pōnda kuḍimai, 532 Kra, isthmus, 216 Kṛmikantha, who persecuted Ramanuja, identical with Adhirajendra or Vīrarājendra, 295, 644 Kṛṣṇa legends, 90, 94 Kṛṣṇā river, 253, 256, 265, 269-70, 437 Kṛṣṇa III, Rāṣṭrakūta king, 10, 121, 126-34, 137n, 138n, 140, 143, 148, 151, 152-4, 156, 174, 179-80, 419, 600, 641, 687 Kṛṣṇadevaraya of Vijayanagar, 143, 168 Kṛṣṇa-ganam, 489 Kṛṣṇa-karṇāmṛta, a devotional poem, by Bilvamangalasvami alias Lila-Suka, 688 Kṛṣṇalilasuka, 689 Kṛṣṇan Rāman, Senāpati of Aman-gudi, 188 Kṣatriya-Śikhāmaṇi, title of Rajaraja I, 186 Kṣatriya-śikhāmaṇi-koṅgāḷva, title bestowed on Manija by Rajaraja I, 172, 227

c38.31

Kṣattracūḍāmaṇi of Vādībha-siṁha (ed. by T. S. Kuppuswami Sastri), 666 Kṣemīśvara, author of *Caṇḍa Kausikam*, 229 Kṣetrapala, 186 Kublai Khan, (exchanges of missions between him and S. India), 609 Kuḍakkō Neḍuñjeral-Ādan, 50 Kūḍal, the seat of Tamil learning, 149, 379 Kūḍal-ālappirandār alias Kāḍava-rayar, 404 Kudali, at the junction of the Tunga and Bhadra, 265 Kudal-Sangamam, Virarajendra victor, 246; the battle of Mudakkaru identical with Kudal-Sangamam, 262-66; 267; Somesvara's absence, 268-70; 274; 303, 683 Kuda-malai-nadu (=Coorg, Kielhorn identifies it with Malabar), 171, 174 Kūḍalūr, 350, 353, 402, 404, 405, 419 Kuḍavāyir-Kōṭṭam, west gate prison in Kumbakonam, 51, 72 Kuda-vōlai, use of, 496, 505 Kuḍi (cultivators), 577 Kuḍimai, 502, 522, 523, 532, 582 Kuḍiñaikal, 618 Kuḍinīkkā-devadānam, 582 Kuḍinīkki, 578 Kudiraic-ceṭṭis, 607 Kudiraiccevagar (Cavalry), 454 Kudlur, plates of Marasimha, 138n Kudumbu (ward), 496, 502, 517n Kudumiyamalai (Pd.), 457 Kuhur (Tj.), 480 Kulam, 320, 321, 328; 578 Kulamurram, 40, 43, 44 Kulaśekhara (ālvār) 658 n. 13, 687 Kulasekhara, Jatavarman, Pandya, acc. 1190 A.D., 385, 393 Kulasekhara I, Maravarman, Pandya King, 1260-1308, 674; his minister, Vanan is the hero of the *Tanjaivāṇan Kōvai*, 674 Kulasekhara Pandya (of the civil war), 366-371, 278-379, 383, 385 Kulasekhara-Pandya-Kulantaka, title of Kul. I, 330 Kulottunga I, 1070-1120, 2, 11, 13, 14, 100, 131, 177, third Cola mission to China in 1077, A.D. 219; 228, Ceylon became independent of the Colas under K., 253; 261; married Madhurantaki, 265; land revenue assessment in Kollimalai-nadu in Rajamahendra's days, 266; 269, 274, accession of K. 285-298; relations between him and Vijayaditya, 289; his position in 1063-70, 290; evidence of his early Tamil inscriptions, 291, literary evidence, 292; recognised the legitimacy of Adhirajendra, 293; was K. adopted into the Cola family? ib; his share in the troubles of Adhirajendra, 293-5; Summary, 297-8; acc, marks a new era 301; his historical introductions, 302; his early wars, 303; anarchy at accession, 304; his war with Vikramaditya VI, 305-8; Vengi, 309; loss of Ceylon, 310; the Pandyan war, 311-13; Velaikkara revolt, 314-15; relations with China, 316; with Kadaram, 317; his Viceroys in Vengi; 319; 1st and 2nd Kalinga wars, 321; extent of his empire, 323; extensive Indian connections, 325; loss of Gangavadi, 325-7; trouble in Vengi, 328; Titles, Sungadavirtta, 330-1; Capital, Family, 332; his feudatories, 333, 342, 345, 346, 352, 365, 373, 387, 393, 403, 419, 452, 456, 457, 472, 478, 492, 504, 511, 538, 549, 556, 560, 561, 582, 599, 606, 614, 615, 616, 618, 656, 663, 664, 668, 676, 682, 686, 695, 701

c38.32

Kulottunga II, 12; Ula on 14; his acc; his works at Cidambaram, growth of sectarian intolerance; his removal of Govindaraja shrine from Cidambaram, 348, 644-5; his Capital, titles, 349; his feudatories, 350; 351, 402, 403, 474, 478, 490, 518n, 586; Pillaittamil on, 669, 676, 682, 717

c38.33

Kulottunga III, 143, Cola empire holds well together till his time, 301, 351, 354, 360, 365, 371, 372; his reign, 375-407; his accession, his Prasastis, 375-76; disruption of the empire delayed, 377; Pandyan war, three campaigns, 378-386; his northern war, 386; relations to Telugucodas and the north, 387-90; conquest of Kongu, 391; Pandyan invasion of Cola country, 393-95; Hoysala intervention, 396; his death, 397; his building activities, 398; famine and famine relief, administration, 399-400; his feudatories, 401-407; Gangas 401; Kadavas, 402-4; Malaiyamans, Adigaimans, 405-6; decay of central control, 407, 417, 418, 419, 425, 436, 452, 479, 490, 499, 527, 551, 535, 616, 619, 640, 641; Guhai-idi-kalaham in his reign, 652, 674, 684; (the *Nannul* was composed in his reign), 684, 715, 716, 719, 720, 722

The Colas c38: Index

Contents

Index