Age of the Nandas and Mauryas c22.59

c22.59

Massaga, (Masakāvati), capital of the kingdom of the Assakenians, 35, 55; capture of, by Alexander, 49-50; Mathurā (Methora), 44, 203, 314, 317, 345, 383; capital of the Sūrasenas, 19, 101, 305; Buddhism in, before Aśoka, 299, 300; Kushana school of art of, 388; sculptures at, 379, 381, 382; Mathurā stone-pillar inscription, 283. Māthuri Vṛtti, a work, 328. Matsya, 310 Matsya Purāṇa, 23, Maurya, origin and derivation of the word, 140-41. Mauryan art, animal figures in, 369-378; characteristics of, 347-48; isolated existence of, 390-91; remains of 346. Mauryan bureaucracy, 178-179. Mauryan court, ambassadors to, from the Hellenistic kingdoms, 89-91; influence of the Achaemenids in the, 355-59; and the Syrian court, 134-135. Mauryan empire, establishment of the 2-3; fall of the, 247-48; military organisation in the, 2129, 188-89; southern limit of, 249; foreign policy, 156-57; government, central offices in the, 179-181; polity, features from foreign models, 173, 175, 178, 189-90, Mauryan Pillared Hall, 346. Mauryan Revolution, course of, 24-25 Maurya putra, 142 n. Mauryas alleged sculptures of the, 378-384; income and expenditure under the, 179, 183-185; industry under the, 260-69; rule of the, in Kuntala, 248; supersession of the Nandas by, 145-46. trade under the, 269-279; the, in the Sangam literature, 253, 254, 255, 256. Mauryas of Konkan, 248, 249. Mediterranean art, 342. Megasthenes, a Greek ambassador to the Mauryan court, 19, 32, 89, 91 n, 116 n, 117 n, 135, 152, 161, 164, 171, 261, 287, 353, 356, 360; and Kautilya, Stein on, 196; and Porus, 89-90n.; value of the account of 89-91; on the absence of famine and scarcity in India, 94; on the administrative organisation in the Mauryan state, 120-22; on the agronomoi, 224, 272, 278; on the Andhras, 43; on the artistic skill of the Indians, 102; on Ceylon, 256; on the city administration at Pāṭaliputra, 120-121; on the department to look after foreigners, 354; on the Derdai, 85; on the fighting class, 188; on food and drink among the Indians, 116-117; on the foreign policy of the Indian kings, 156; on the foundation of Pāṭaliputra, 158 n; on the hunting of elephants, 96; on the Hylobioi, 163 and n; on the Indian elephants, 95, 96; on the Indian monkeys, 97; on Indian philosophers, 106-107, 287; on the Indian physicians, 107; on the Indian rivers, 93 and n; on Indian women, 107; on the kingdoms of South India, 249-50; on the laws of the Indians, 108 and n; on laws in India, 164; on law deposits in India, 112-113; on the length of the royal road from Pāṭaliputra to the north west, 91; on Mandanis, 291; on marriage and occupation among the Indians, 116; on the military organisation in the Mauryan state, 120, 122; on the mineral wealth of India, 95; on the Nirgranthas, 296-297; on the Oxydrakai and Dionysus, 306; on Pandaia, 101; on public spectacles attended by Chandragupta, 162; on the races in India, 100; on the role of Indians in foreign warfare 31; on rural administration in the Mauryan state, 120; on the safety of the king's person, 176; on the sages, 104; on serpents in India, 98; on the setting of the Bears in South India, 43; on seven tribes or classes in India, 113-115; on slavery in India, 111-112; on Indian social organisation, 105; on the Śramaṇas 293, 294; on the strength of Chandragupta's army 188; on the supply of gold, 85; 103; on the tigers in the country of the Parsii, 99; on the trade of South India, 42; on some wild animals, 99, on the worship of Heracles, 305; use of the legends about Dionysus and Herakles by, 100-101; Meghāksha (Meghanāda) king of the Persians, 146. Meleager, a general under Alexander 59. Memphis, Indian figures at, 218. Menander, 198. Meros, Mt., (Koh-i-Mor) 43, 48, 49. Merutunga, author of the Vichāraśreṇi 136. Metal works, 266-67. Methora see Mathura, 101, 305.