The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c36.140

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c36.140

Pan-ch'ao, Chinese general, 268, 269, 278, 294. Pandaia, mythical queen, 470. Pandion, king, 471. Pāndreṭhan, old capital of Kashmīr, 170 *n.* Pāṇḍu, sons of, 28. Pāṇḍya, kingdom, defined, 464, 465: history of, 469–78. Pangu, regent of Kashmīr, 388. Pāṇini, date of, 470 *n.* Panjāb, changes in rivers of, 95–7: in the seventh century, 368 Pañjkora, river, =Gouraios, 57. Pantaleon, Indo-Greek king, 238, 258. Paper introduced into Europe, 378. Pāra, river, 300 *n.* Parākrama-bāhu, king of Ceylon, 475. Paramāra (*see* Pāwār), dynasty of Mālwa, 410. Paramardi (Parmāl), Chandēl king, 408. Paramārtha, Buddhist author, 50: describes Kanishka's council, 284 *n.*: on Vasubandhu and the Guptas, 347. Parameśvara-varman II, 497. Parāntaka I, Choḷa king, 484. Parchment, as writing-material, 144 *n.* Parihār, clan, 340, 394, 405: rule in Bundēlkhaṇḍ, 405. Pāripātra mountains, 6 *n.* Parkham statue of Mathura, identity of, 34 *n.* Parla-Kimedi, in Orissa, 498 *n.* Parṇadatta, viceroy of Skandagupta, 327. Parṇotsa = Punach, 368 *n.* Paropanisadai, satrapy of, 122, 125, 158–60. Paropanisos = Hindū Kush, or Indian Caucasus, 126. Parricide kings, 36. Pārsī settlers in A. D. 735, 444. Pārśva (Pārśvika), Buddhist leader, 283, 284 *n.* Pārtha, king of Kashmīr, 388. Parthia proper, 235: allotted to St. Thomas, 246. Parthian parricide kings, 36: early history, 233–6: kings, Mithradates I and II, 241–4: chiefs on Lower Indus, 245, 268: war of Kanishka, 277. Pasianoi, horde, 240 *n.* Paśupatināth, convent of, 170. Patala = Bahmanābād, 106–9. Patalēnē = delta of Indus, 106. Pāṭaliputra city, foundation of, 38: = Kusumapura, or Pushpapura, 38, 39 *n.*: = Patna and Bankipore, 127: municipal administration of, 133–5: exploration of site of, 143: Asoka's capital, 167: animal hospital at, 192: hermitage of Mahendra at, 196: the Sunga capital, 209: threatened by Menander, 210: = Kusumadhvaja, 228: probably occupied by the Lichchhavis, 295: ceased to be ordinary residence of Gupta emperors, 309: rebuilt by Shēr Shāh, 311: free hospital at, 312: footprints of Buddha at, 360: in ruins in seventh century, recovered under Dharmapāla, 414. Pāṭaliputtiram, in South Arcot, 495. Pātan (1) Asoka's capital of Nepāl, 170: (2) = Nahrwālah or Anhilwārā in Gujarāt, 333. Patañjali, grammarian, 194 *n.*, 212, 227, 228, 470 *n.* Patharghāṭa, in Bhāgalpur, 414 *n.* Patika, satrap of Taxila, 241 *n.* Patna, city = Pāṭaliputra, 127: latitude and longitude of, 128 *n.*: District, 30, 32. Paṭṭiāli = Paḍiyūr, *q. v.* Paṭumitra dynasty, 326 *n.* Paul, St., compared with Asoka, 199. Pauṇḍravardhana, kingdom, 387, 413. Pāwā, death of Mahāvīra at, 30. Pawār (*see* Paramāra), clan and dynasty of Mālwa, 410. Peach and pear introduced into India, 279. Pearl trade, 461, 469, 471. Pegu, Asoka's alleged mission to, 197: kingdom of, 486. Peithōn, son of Agēnor, 104 *n.*, 105, 115, 121, 122. Penal code of the Mauryas, 137, 151. Pennār, Northern, river, 456, 465. Pepper trade of Malabar, 461, 462, 477. Perdikkas, general, 53, 100. Pergamum, rise of kingdom of, 207 Periclean age in Greece, Gupta period compared with, 322 *n.* *Periplus of the Erythraean Sea*, date of, 245, 245 *n.*, 463 *n.*, 468 *n.*, 476. Periyar, river, 476, 477. Persecution of religion in India, 213, 360, 474.