The Geographical Dictionary of Ancient and Mediaeval India c5.s9.23

c5.s9.23

Kalinga—The Northern Circars, a country lying on the south of Orissa and north of Drâvida on the border of the sea According to General Cunningham it was between the Godâvarî river on the south west and the Gholya branch of the Indrâvatî river on the north west (Cunningham's Anc Geo, p 516) It was between the Mahânadî and the Godâvarî (according to Rapson's Ancient India, p 164) Its chief towns were Manipura, Râjapura or Râjamahendrî (Mbh, Âdi, ch 215, Sânti, ch 4) At the time of the Mahâbhârata a large portion of Orissa was included in Kalinga, its northern boundary being the river Baitaranî (Vana, ch 113) At the time of Kâlidâsa however, Utkala (Orissa) and Kalinga were separate kingdoms (Raghuvamsa, IV) It became independent of Magadha shortly after the death of Asoka in the third century B C, and retained its independence at least up to the time of Kanishka