Historical Geography of Ancient India c7.210

c7.210

Govinda III came to the bank of the Narmadā and conquered Kaliṅga and other countries including Mālava, Kośala, Veṅgī, Dāhala and Oḍraka (E.I., XXIII, Pt. VIII, p. 297—Manna Plates of Stambha). Kaliṅga was visited by Hiuen Tsang in the 7th century A.D. According to him, it was 5,000 li in circuit. It was regularly cultivated and it produced abundant flowers and fruits. It contained extensive forests. It was thickly populated. The climate was hot. The people were vehement and impetuous, mostly rough and uncivilized. There were some saṅghārāmas and deva temples (Beal, Buddhist Records of the Western World, II, 209-10).