Historical Geography of Ancient India c7.312

c7.312

Kṛṣṇā.—It is a river which is the same as Kṛṣṇaveṇā as in the Purāṇas or Kṛṣṇaveṇī as in the Yoginītantra (2. 5, pp. 139-140; Hultzsch, S.I.I., II, 232). It is also mentioned in the Bhāgavatapurāṇa (V. 19, 18) and in the Bṛhat-saṃhitā (XIV. 14). It survives in its modern name Kṛṣṇā. It issues from the Sahya mountains according to the Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa (57, 26, 27). It is also known as Kaṇhapennā as in the Jātakas and Kaṇhapemṇā as in the Hāthigumphā Inscription of Khāravela. It has its source in the Western Ghats; flowing east through the Deccan plateau and breaking through the Eastern Ghats in a gorge, it falls into the Bay of Bengal. Its course lies through the Bombay State, the State of Hyderabad and the Madras State. From the north-east of Alampur to a place below Jaggayyapeta the Kṛṣṇā flows forming the southern natural boundary of Hyderabad. Near about Athni the river is joined by the combined waters of several streams of which the Yerla, the Koind and the Varṇā are well-known. Before it enters Hyderabad it receives the Mālprabhā on its right bank below Muddebihal. In its course through Hyderabad and Madras it is joined by many tributaries including the Dhon, the Bhīmā, the Dindi, the Peddavagu, the Musi-Aler, the Paler, the Muner and the Tuṅgabhadrā. (For details, vide Law, Rivers of India, p. 48.)