Geographical and Economic Studies in the Mahabharata: Upayana Parva c9.37

c9.37

Madhya-deśa, 7, 90 Madhyamikā, identified with Nagari near Chittor, 27; seige by the Yavanas, 28; 93 Madrakāras, a constitutent republic of Sālva federation, 90; Iranian origin of the word meaning warrior, 95, 96; located in Siālkot region, 97. See Madras. Madrakas, their low estimation by Karṇa, 5; the sexual morality of their women. Madras, 5; held in esteem in Vedic literature, 95; their capital at Sākala, ib.; a component of Sālva federation; probable Iranian connections, 95-96; the characteristic costume of the Madra warriors, 96; 101 Magadha, 89, 102, 103 Mahābhārata, its encyclopaedic character, 1; the geographical information in various parvas, ib.; the range of the dates of its various strata, 10 Majjhima, propogated Buddhism in Himavanta, 67 Makrān, climatic conditions same as described in the Upāyanaparva, 48; famous for camels, 56 Maladā, a river in Mahābhārata, 104 Malana, Malan Bay, the western boundary of the Oroeitai, 52. See Oroeitei. Māldah, 110 Malin, near Herāt, 66 Malloi, 108. See Kṣudraka-Mālavas. Mānbhūm, 110 Mand, 55 Mandara, probable identification with Kun-Lun Mountain Range, 75 Maṇḍi, a Hill State, 94 Margiana, 91 Markatah, a port on the Red Sea which exported emerald; perhaps Sanskrit *marakata* originating from this name, 102. See also Emerald. *masāragarbha*, same as *masāragalva*, 57 Mastuj, 21, 46 Mathurā, terminus of the route from Takṣaśilā, 89 Matsyas, 100 Mauleyakas, 107. See Mauleyas. Mauleyas, their location in Mula Valley, Balūchistān, 107; mentioned in the Arthaśāstra as Mauleyakas, ib.; 108 Meds, 54 Media, 80 Menender, 89, 92 Meru, probable identification with Karakorum, 75 Merv-al-Rud, 103 Mohmands, a frontier tribe, 104 Monghyr, 110 Mongolia, 61 Mula Pass, 107 Mula River, its course and different names, 107 Mulkho Valley, in Chitral, 45 Multan, 32, 94, 106, 108 Mumān, middle portion of the Bashgol Valley called Madugal in Chitrali, 43 Mundas, 110. See Santāls. Muṇḍā-Khmer, 54, 55, 90, 111 Muñjānī, an Eastern Iranian tongue, 39 Murgh Pass, 12 Murshidābād, 110 Muruṇḍa, a Saka word meaning master, 21 *musāragalva*, semi-precious stone, 57 Musk-deer, its distribution, 70; different grades of musk, ib. Mustāgh Range, 74, 93 Mūtibas, 77