Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c7.s6.15

c7.s6.15

²⁹ Cf. 1. Bhadrāśva=Pūrva-gandhika, 2. Ketumāla=Apara-gandhika, 3. Jambudvīpa=Kumārī in which Bhārata, etc., are situated, 4. Manth-odadhi=Kṣīrādhī=Kṣīroda=Kalas-odadhi; etc. There are seven *antara-dvīpas* to the south of Bhārata, e.g., 1. Vaidyutvata (on which there is Mt. Vidyutvat), 2. Māla, 3. Maina, 4. Vrata, 5. Jāla, 6. Nāra and 7. Asaṅga, while the six *anudvīpas* are : 1. Aṅga, 2. Yava, 3. Malaya, 4. Śaṅkha, 5. Kuśa and 6. Varāha. The Aṅga-dvīpa is in the Western Sea and has the Cakragiri on it and the Yava-dvīpa is in the Eastern Ocean in which there is the Kālodaka sea. The Malaya-dvīpa is likewise in the Southern Sea and consists of Dardara, Mālaya and Māhāmalaya. To the east of the Malaya-dvīpa is the Kuśa-dvīpa, also called Campaka-dvīpa, beyond which is the blood-carrying sea called Lohitya. In the west, there is the Varāha- or Vārāha-dvīpa where Hari is worshipped as Yajñavarāha. There are thousands of *kṣudra-dvīpas* in the Bhārata-varṣa such as Barhiṇa, Siṃhala, Hemakuḍya, Dvāravatīpada, Pārasīka-kula, Svarṇa-dvīpa, Vaidyuta, Ārṣabha, Ayomukha and Tārṇa also called Tārṇasaumya or Grāmaṇi-kula. In connection with the *anudvīpas*, see above, pp. 66-67, giving Yama for Yava.