On Yuan Chwang's Travels in India, 629–645 A.D. v1.c4.s2.6

v1.c4.s2.6

This man was the son of O-fu (閼父) of Yü (虞) who had served Wu Wang as his T'ao-chêng (陶正), an officer variously explained as Director of Potteries and as Superintendent of Schools. The office was apparently hereditary and Wu-Wang rewarded Man by giving him his eldest daughter in marriage while at the same time he ennobled him as How or Marquis, and endowed him with the fief of Ch'ên (陳) that he might be able to continue the services of worship to his ancestor Shun. These honours made Man one of the San-k'ê (三恪) or "Three Reverends", that is, three who were faithfully diligent in the discharge of their public duties. The other K'ês were according to some accounts the representatives of the ancient emperors Huang Ti and Yao, and according to other accounts the representatives of the founders of the Hsia and Yin dynasties.¹ Man's fief comprised the modern prefecture of Ch'ên-chow in Honan together with the adjacent territory. It existed as a separate principality down to B. C. 478 when it was extinguished. The members of the reigning family were then dispersed but they retained Ch'ên as their surname.