Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c19.s1.5

c19.s1.5

*Syllabic restoration*: (i) of *ī* *ū* for *y* *v* followed by the grave accent: (ii) of *i* for *y* in the instr. sing. *-yā* and the dual form *-yoḥ* after heavy syllables; in the suffixes *-ya* *-yā* after heavy syllables; in the words *gúhya*, *jánya*, *tyá*, *dadhyáñc*, *divyá*, *nárya*, *pratyáñc*, *mádya*, *yújya*, *sakhyá*, *syá* and some others: in the optatives *aśyám* and *syám*; and in the suffixes *-bhyaḥ*, *-bhyām* after heavy syllables at the end of the verse: (iii) of *u* for *v* in *tvám*, *tvám*, *tvá*, *tva*, *svá* and in the instr. sing. fem. in *-vā*: (iv) of *aa* for *ā* in the gen. pl. *-ām* at the end of the verse: (v) of *-an* for *n* in the declension of nouns in *-an*, *-man*, *-van*: and (vi) of *ar* for *r* in the dual forms *pitróḥ*, *mātróḥ*, *svasróḥ*.