Wilson Philological Lectures on Sanskrit and the Derived Languages c10.47

c10.47

In the 1st per. sing. the म of the Pr. is changed to ं in M. i. e. म has lost its labial element as in the Present. O. and B. have got the form of the Present for it, the nasal being dropped. The मि of the pl. is similarly changed to ओं and is also shortened or resolved into ओं. The B. has the same form as the sing. The 2nd pers. sing. in M. has the form without the termination as in the Pr., the other made up by adding ई corresponds to that in the Ap. ending in that vowel. Intransitive and reflexive roots have इ instead of ई which form is also found in the Ap. as धावें, शिकें, सांगें. The O. and B. do not possess these terminations but the latter has म which is to be traced to the Pr. म. The pl. is the same as in the Pr. the इ having left its trace in the lengthening of the vowel. The O. and B. कर is also really करा pronounced broadly करौ and the latter retains ह unchanged also. The 3rd per. sing. termination उ of the Pr. is amalgamated with the preceding vowel into ओ in M. and उ in O. and B. M. has also sometimes उ for ओ. The क of the B. is a later addition and is probably to be traced to the Interrogative pronoun beginning with क. It is to be compared with such M. expressions as जाऊं दे किं. The O. preserves the 3rd per. pl. न्तु unchanged but in the optional form the final उ is dropped. M. and B. have transferred the characteristic उ to the preceding syllable and the former has dropped the nasal and the latter the त. In M. the उ is as in the sing. changed to ओ but in some cases it is preserved and we have such forms as जाउत, देउत etc. We find instances in which the उ preserves its place after त as in the O. Thus in Jñânes'varî:—