Studies in the History of Sanskrit Poetics v2.c85.84

v2.c85.84

exposition and aptness of its illustrations, it is nothing more than a convenient epitome, its most remarkable feature being its detailed treatment of poetic figure, *lakṣaṇas*, as some of the latter fall also under Viśvanātha’s *nāṭyālaṃkāras*. The two classes cannot indeed be distinguished on any conceivable theory; and though Viśvanātha adopts the conventional enumeration, he remarks in the end : *eṣāṃ ca lakṣaṇānām* (for *lakṣaṇam* in the printed text) *nāṭyālaṃkārāṇām ekarūpatve’pi bhedena vyapadeśaḥ gaḍḍalikā-pravāheṇa*. Thus, we find included under *lakṣaṇas* the combination of *guṇas* with *alaṃkāras* ; the economical grouping of letters to produce a charming import; the use of double entendre for the purpose of conveying a less known import along with one more well known; the use of analogy and example; the brief citation of a reason for the intended meaning; the expression of doubt in the case of an object whose nature is not known; the surmise from a matter coincident with the course of nature; the fitting of expression to the sense; the citation of admitted facts to refute inadmissible views; the supposition of a non-existent object or fact from resemblance; the inference of an object from some of its peculiarities; the deduction by reasoning of a fact which is not capable of sense-perception; the description of an object under the similitude of time and place; the statement of agreeable views in accordance with the *śāstras*; the indication of acts contrary to one’s qualities; the attribution to an object of qualities in excess of its ordinary qualities; the discrimination of a particular meaning out of other well known meanings by an allusion to the literal sense; the repetition of a proposition already established; the mention of various objects in eulogy of the intended object; the unconscious expression, under the influence of passion, of the contrary of what one means; the alteration of a conclusion through doubt; the compliance with other people’s views by words or acts;