Studies in the History of Sanskrit Poetics v2.c86.52

v2.c86.52

case of each *rasa*, into which space forbids us to enter. A summary of it will be found in Lindenau, *Rasalehre* Leipzig 1913, pp. 18f. Thus, in the case of the heroic sentiment (*vīra*), the dominant feeling is energy (*utsāha*): the excitants (*vibhāvas*) are coolness (*asaṃmoha*), resolve (*adhyavasāya*), circumspection (*naya*), strength (*bala*) etc. ; the ensuants (*anubhāvas*) are firmness (*sthairya*), heroism (*śaurya*), sacrifice (*tyāga*) etc ; the *vyabhicārins* or accessory feelings are those of assurance, arrogance etc. Viśvanātha gives them somewhat differently. The essential excitant (*ālambana-vibhāva*) of the heroic sentiment, according to him, consists of those to be vanquished, and their acts and gestures form the enhancing excitants (*uddīpana-vibhāvas*): the ensuants comprehend the desire or seeking for assistants and adherents: while the accessory feelings are patience, intelligence, remembrance, cogitation etc. The sentiment may take three forms of courage (Bharata vi 79 = ed. Regnaud vi 80), viz., in battle (*yuddha-vīra*), in virtuous deeds (*dharma-vīra*) and in liberality (*dāna-vīra*), to which later writers (e.g. Viśvanātha) add *dayā-vīra*. It should also be noted that a special colour and a presiding deity is attributed to each *rasa*. Thus, red, black, white, dark, (*śyāma*) and grey are associated, not unreasonably, with the furious, terrible, comic, erotic and pathetic sentiments, although it is difficult to explain why horror is dark blue (*nīla*), wonder is orange, and heroism is yellow. The respective deities are Viṣṇu (erotic), Yama (pathetic), Pramatha (comic), Rudra (furious), Indra (heroic), Kāla (terrible), Mahākāla (disgustful), Brahmā (the marvellous). Viśvanātha adds that Nārāyaṇa is the presiding deity of *śānta rasa* and the colour associated is that of jasmin (*kunda*).