History of Sanskrit Poetics c6.70

c6.70

¹ The नाट्यशास्त्र (VI. vol. I pp. 347-348) explains विभाव as विज्ञान and says that विभाव is nothiug but कारण or निमित्त or हेतु. The विभावs are so called because many matters (viz. स्थायिभावs and व्यभिचारिभावs that depend upon अभिनय of two kinds viz. वाचिक and आङ्गिक) are specially understood from them (वागाद-योऽभिनया येषां स्थायिव्यभिचारिणां ते वागाभिनयसहिता विभाव्यन्ते विशिष्टया ज्ञायन्ते यैस्ते विभावाः। अ. भा.). For अनुभाव, vide दशरूप IV. 3 quoted above. The भावs are 49 viz. 8 स्थायिभावs, 33 व्यभिचारिभावs and eight सात्त्विकभावs. The last are स्तम्भ (immobility due to fear, anger &c.), स्वेद, रोमाञ्च, स्वरभङ्ग, वेपथु, वैवर्ण्य, अश्रु, प्रलय. प्रलय means ‘सुखदुःखाम्यां चेष्टाज्ञाननिराकृतिः’ साहित्यदर्पण III. 139) i. e. loss of activity and consciousness due to happiness or sorrow. It may be noted that विभावs and अनुभावs (other than सात्त्विक भावs) are not included among the 49 भावs and that even those that are called स्थायिभावs may become व्यभिचारिभावs under certain circumstances e. g. when शृङ्गार is the predominant रस, रति is स्थायिभाव and if हास is described as an incident in that composition it becomes सञ्चारिभाव, though हास is enumerated as one of the स्थायिभावs.