The History of Indian Literature c9.14

c9.14

∗ The difference in usage between the Eastern and Western forms of speech is once touched upon in the Bráhmaṇa of the White Yajus, where it is said that the Váhíkas style Agni *Bhava*, while the Práchyas, on the contrary, call him *Śarva*. Yáska (ii. 2) opposes the Kambojas (the Persa-Aryans?) to the Áryas (the Indo-Aryans?), stating that the latter, for instance, possess derivatives only of the root *śu*, whereas the Kambojas possess it also as a verb. (Grammarians of the Kambojas are hardly to be thought of here, as Roth, *Zur Lit.*, p. 67, supposes.) Yáska further opposes the Práchyas and the Udíchyas, and the same is done by Páṇini. According to the Bráhmaṇa, the Udíchyas were most conversant with grammar [see *I. St.*, i. 153, ii. 309, 310, xiii. 363, ff. Burnell's identification of the Kambojas here, and in the other earlier passages where they are mentioned, with Cambodia in Farther India, see his *Elements of South Indian Palæography*, pp. 31, 32, 94, is clearly a mistake. For the time of the Páḷi Abhidhánappadípiká (*v.* Childers, *Páli Dict.*) this identification may perhaps be correct; but the older Páḷi texts, and even the inscriptions of Piyadasi (*e.g.*, most distinctly the facsimile of the Khálsi inscription in Cunningham's *Archæological Survey*, i. 247, pl. xli., line 7), introduce the Kambojas in connection with the Yavanas; and this of itself determines that the two belonged geographically to the same region in the north-west of India; see *I. Str.*, ii. 321. In addition to this we have the name Kabujiya = Καμβύσης, and therewith all the various references to this latter name, which point to a very wide ramification of it throughout Irán; see *I. Str.*, ii. 493. To Farther India the name Kamboja evidently found its way only in later times, like the names Ayodhyá, Indraprastha, Irávatí, Champá; though it certainly remains strange that this lot should have fallen precisely to it. Perhaps causes connected with Buddhism may have helped to bring this about. See on this point the Jenaer *Literaturzeitung*, 1875, p. 418; *Indian Antiquary*, iv. 244.]