State and Government in Ancient India c21.17

c21.17

The kings in the rear of the conqueror are given different names by the political writers, but their presumed relationship is similar. The immediate neighbour in the rear is called *pārshṇigrāha*, one who attacks in the rear, and the next one is called *ākranda* (ally in the rear) ; then come *pārshṇigrāhāsāra* (ally of the rearward enemy) and *ākarandāsāra* (an ally of the rearward ally). The kings in the rear are thus four in number.