War in Ancient India c11.t1.4

c11.t1.4

The following is a list of *entente* methods under the category of *daṇḍa*.⁴⁴ When the inferior king delivers himself to a superior that *entente* is called *ātmamiṣa*, and when he offers as a hostage his general or commander-in-chief or Crown Prince, it is *puruṣāntara*. If he is allowed to withdraw with his army, it is *adṛṣṭa-puruṣa*. In case the treasury is offered, the *entente* is *pārikraya* (dependent on money), *upagraha* (dependent on heavy charges), *ātyaya* (harmful in space and time), *suvarṇa* (dependent on indemnity), with their opposite *kapāla* (involving heavy indemnities). In case land is surrendered, the *entente* is *adiṣṭa* (by cession), *ucchinna* (all land except the capital), *apakraya* (liberation of the territory by imposts), and *paribhūṣaṇa* (by homage). These are the different kinds of alliances entered into by inferior powers.