Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain Canons, with Commentaries: An Administrative, Economic, Social and Geographical Survey c9.t2.15

c9.t2.15

Seventeen kinds of grains are mentioned :—rice (*vrīhi*), barley (*yava*), *masūra* (*Ervum Hirsutum*), wheat (*godhūma*), *mudga* (*Phraseolus*), sesame (*tila*), gram (*canaka*), *anu* (*Panicum Miliaceum*), *priyaṅgu* (panic seeds), *kodrava*, (*Paspalum Scrobiculatum*), *akusthaka* (mod. *kuttu*), rice (*śāli*),²⁶ a pulse (*āḍhaki*), *kalaya* (leguminous seeds), *kulattha* (*Dolichos Uniflorus*) and *sana* (*Linum Usitatissimum*).²⁷ Amongst other field grain crops are mentioned *māsa*, (*Phraseolus Radialus*), *mpphava*,²⁸ *ālisandaga*,²⁹ *saḍina*, *palimanthaka*,³⁰ *atasī* (linseed), *kusumba* (safflower), *kaṅgu* (millet), *rālaga*, (the resin of *Shorea Rubusta*), *tuvarī* (*tuvar* in Hindi), *koḍusā* (or *kodrava*) and mustard (*sarṣava*).³¹ The storers of crores and crores of kumbhas of these grains in their granary were called *nāyatikas*.³²