Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain Canons, with Commentaries: An Administrative, Economic, Social and Geographical Survey c9.t2.5

c9.t2.5

The piles of the rings (*valaya*) were made of straws and leaves known as *kadapalla* and *tanapalla*, which served as receptacles for grains. The inside floor space was coated with cow-dung.¹⁷ The round heap of grains was called *puñja*; if it was slightly oblong, it was called *rāsi*; a heap of grains was pressed close to the wall; besmeared with ashes (*lanchita*); sealed with cow-dung and kept in the required places, screening it with a screen of straw and bamboos.¹⁸ In the rainy searon the grains were stored in a granary made of earth (*kottha*), of straw and bamboos (*palla*), a granary standing on pillars (*mañca*), the upper storey of the house (*mālā*), covered with a lid coated with cow-dung (*olitta*), coated with mud all over (*litta*), closed (*pihita*), sealed with earthen seals (*muddiya*) by making lines etc. (*lanchiya*).¹⁹ *Kumbhī*, *karabhī*,²⁰ *pallaga*,²¹ *muttoli*, *mukha*, *idura*, *alindaa* and *ocāra* (*apacārī*)²² are mentioned as other forms of storage In *gañjasālā* various kinds of corns were pounded.²³ A wooden mortar (*udūkhala*) for cleansing rice and a threshing floor (*khalaya*) were known.²⁴ Then mention is made of a cattle-feeding-basket (*gokilañja*) and winnowing sieve (*suppahattara*).²⁵