History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v2.c24.s1.187

v2.c24.s1.187

As to *upasthāna* vide above (p. 315, note 748). According to Baud. the worship⁷⁵⁷ of the sun is done with the verses 'udvayam' (Ṛg. I. 50. 10), 'Udu tyam' (Ṛg. I. 50. 1), 'citram' (Ṛg. I. 115. 1), 'tac-cakṣur' (Ṛg. VII. 66. 16), 'ya udagāt' (Tai. Ār. IV. 42. 5). Manu II. 103 prescribes that he who does not perform the Saṁdhyopāsana in the morning and evening should be excluded from all actions meant for the benefit or honour of dvijas. Gobhila⁷⁵⁸ smṛti II. 1 says the same and adds that *brāhmaṇya* resides in the three saṁdhyās and that he who has no concern for saṁdhyopāsana is not a brāhmaṇa. Baud. Dh. S. II. 4. 20 calls upon the religious king to make brāhmaṇas, who do not engage in saṁdhyopāsana thrice a day, perform the work peculiar to śūdras. The Kūrma-purāṇa⁷⁵⁹ goes so far as to say that even if a person engages in other actions which are religious but gives up the performance of saṁdhyopāsana, in so doing he falls into numerous hells. Manu declares (II. 102) that sins committed at night through ignorance (or oversight) are removed by the performance of morning saṁdhyā and the sins committed in the day are removed by the evening saṁdhyā. Baud. Dh. S. II. 4. 25-28, Yāj. III. 307 are to the same effect. When a person is impure owing to mourning or birth in the family, he is to perform saṁdhyā only up to arghya to the sun but not *japa* nor *upasthāna*.