History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v3.c45.37

v3.c45.37

The Baud. Dh. S. III. 3 gives an intricate classification of vānaprasthas. They are either *pacamānakas* (who take cooked or ripe food) or *apacamānakas* (who do not cook their food). Each of these two classes is again sub-divided into five. The five *pacamānakas* are *sarvāraṇyakas*, *vaituṣikas*, those who subsist on fruits, roots and bulbous roots, those who subsist on fruits only, those who subsist on vegetables only. Sarvāraṇyakas are of two kinds, viz. *indrāvasiktas* (who bring creepers, shrubs and cook them, offer agnihotra therewith and offer it to guests and eat the rest) and *reto-vasiktas* (who bring the flesh of animals killed by tigers, wolves or hawks and cook it and offer to Agni &c.). The *apacamānakas* are five vīz. *unmajjakas* (who do not employ implements of iron or stone for holding food), *pravṛttāśinaḥ* (who eat food from their hands, without using any vessel), *mukhenādāyinaḥ* (who eat food with their mouth, without using their hands, as beasts do), *toyāhāras* (who subsist on water only), *vāyubhakṣāḥ* (who observe total fast). These are according to Baud. the ten *dīkṣās* of Vaikhānasaṣ. Manu also (VI. 29) calls the rules to be observed by forest hermits dīkṣās.