Administration and Social Life under Vijayanagar c19: Index

Administration and Social Life under Vijayanagar c19

Language: English

c19.442 — 5 parts
c19.672 — 4 parts
c19.1093 — 4 parts

Index

c19.2

Abbarāja Timmappa, agent of Pradhāna Tirumalarāja, 223.

c19.3

Abbarāja Tirumalarāja, grant of a mūlaviśa by, 213.

c19.4

Abdication, of kings, in the Vijayanagar empire, 14-16.

Abdur Razāk, ambassador from Persia, 41, 173; visit of, to Vijayanagar, 3; on the administration of justice, 110; on the Audience Hall of the King, 402; on the cities and villages in the empire, 278; on dance during the Mahānavami festival, 295; on the dannaik being the judge at the capital, 33; on the Dombaras, 249-50; on the elephants in Dēva Rāya’s court, 149; on the extent of the Vijayanagar empire under Dēva Rāya II, 175; on the esteem in which Brahmans were held by Dēva Rāya II, 240; on the functions of policemen, 130; on the harem of Dēva Rāya II, 265; on the houses of the nobility, 279; on guilds, 223; on the independent courtezans at the capital, 267-68; on judicial and capital punishment at Vijayanagar, 126, 128; on the kissing of the royal feet, 273; on the Mahānavami festival, 271, 272, 293; on the method of hunting elephants, 293; on the method of writing, 353; on the ornaments worn by Dēva Rāya II, and the people, 287; on the paintings before houses, 413, and at the palace, 7; on the 300 ports in the empire, 166; on the relations of the Sumeri of Calicut with Vijayanagar, 177; on the seclusion in the harem, 265; on separate eating by the ‘infidels,’ 283 and fn.; on the size and form of Vijayanagar, 405-06, 407; on the strength of the Vijayanagar army, 134; on taxation on merchandise, 45fn.; on the three days’ festival, 340 fn.; on the time of the payment to the soldiers, 159; on the topography of the city, 278; on the use of the betel leaf, 289; on the working of the Secretariat, 36; presents to, by Dēva Rāya II, 173; supply of food to, at Vijayanagar, 281.

c19.6

Abhilaṣitārthadāyanī of Cerukūri Lakṣmīdhara, 367.

c19.7

Abhirāmā, mother of Diṇḍima Sārvabhauma, 365.

c19.8

Abbe Dubois, on the occasions of the quarrels between the Valangai and Iḍangai classes, 252.

c19.9

Acyutappa, the Nāyak of Tanjore, abdication of, 15.

c19.10

Acyuta Rāya (Acyuta, Acyutadēva Rāya, Acyutayyadēva Mahārāya, Citarao) 59, 195; son of Narasa, 366; appointed successor of Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 12 fn.; the Bhāgavatacampū dedicated to, 366; credited with the authorship of the Tālamahodadhi, 366; crowned with Varadāmbā at Tirupati, 333; empire under, 177; foundation of the Madura Nāyakship during the time of, 203; gift of land by, for reciting the Bhāku Sañjīvini, in a temple, 351; gift of a svarnameru by, 367; grant of “Ānanda nidhi” by, 325 and fn.; grant by, for the car festival of Naṭarāja, and the construction of the northern gōpuram at Cidambaram, 325 fn.; grant by, of Kaḍalāḍi on ēkabhōgam tenure, 203; grant by, to Peda Kṛṣṇamācārlu for the promotion of studies in Ubhaya Vēdānta, 350; heavy taxation during the reign of, 96; honouring of captains by, 277; income of, from four villages near Cidambaram, 55; in the company of scholars at Śrīrangam when Cellappa’s rebellion was put down, 154; influence and power of the Salaka brothers during the time of, 194; Kampadēva, an officer under, 223; married Varadāmbā, 270; military contribution from some of his officers according to Nuniz, 138-39; Nuniz on the harem of, 265; Nuniz on relations of, with the Nāyaks, 195; Pina Veṅkaṭādri anointed crown prince along with his coronation, 12; principle of the demand by, of contributions from the provincial governors, 193-94; portrait of, with his queen in the temple at Tirumalai, 401; Sāluva Nāyaka, (Salvanayque), Prime Minister of, 82, 192;

c19.11

setting up of the image of Gōvindarāja at Cidambaram by, 325 and 325-26 fn.; systematisation of the revenues of Vijayanagar by, 46; Tamil poets during the days of, 385-86; ten women cooks for the personal service of, 282; Tirumalāmbā, the queen of, 355; tolerance of, 324; a Tuḷuva, 322; Vaiṣṇavism under, 322, 324-26.

c19.12

Acyutarāyābhyudayam, of Rājanātha Diṇḍima, 11, 27, 366.

c19.13

Acyuta Rāya temple, architectural features of the, 394.

c19.14

Acyutendrābhyudayam, a work of Raghunātha, 371.

c19.15

Aḍaippu (lands held in lease), 51.

c19.16

Adapanayque, contingent of, to Raicūr, 138, 139; lord of the country of gate (?), income and obligations of, 193, 194; lord of a gate at Vijayanagar, in charge of diamond mines, 67.

c19.17

Aḍapināyaṇingāru, minister, responsibility of, for the remission of the marriage tax, 70.

c19.18

Aḍappam, betel page, 274.

c19.19

Aḍayapalam, village of Appayya Dīkṣita, 368, 370; a school at, established by Appayya Dīkṣita, 349, 370.

c19.20

Adhikaraṇa Sārāvali, a lit. work of Vēdānta Dēśika, 356.

c19.21

Adhikāri, functions of, 233-34.

c19.22

Adhivāsis, deputation of the, to Virūpākṣa II, 89.

c19.23

Adhyayanavṛtti, 350.

c19.24

Adil KHān (Savāi), 152.

c19.25

'Adil Shāh, (Ydallcao), 177; a successor of Nāṣir-ud-din, 301; threat of the Sultans of Birar, Bidar and Golkonda to join the, 172.

c19.26

Āditya Rāya, grant of a village to, by Mallikārjuna Rāya, in recognition of his scholarship, 352.

c19.27

Āḍiyappa Nāyaka, Vāśal, brother of Śiṇṇappa Nāyakkar, 95.

c19.28

Āḍōni, march of Bukka I to, 134.

c19.29

Āḍuturai, rates of taxes at, 54.

c19.30

Advaita Dīpikā, a work of Appayya Dīkṣita, 327.

c19.31

Advaitins, followers of Śrī Śaṅkara, 306-07.

c19.32

Agambadaiyārs, servants serving under the chief of Paḍuvūr, 131.

c19.33

Agaram, a small administrative unit, 181.

c19.34

Agaramputtūr alias Mādhavacaturvēdimaṅgalam, Mahājanas of, 207.

c19.35

Agastya, author of Bāla Bhārata, 365.

c19.36

Agnēśvara, temple of, at Māḍam, 279.

c19.37

Ahadis, and the “King’s Guard,” 141.

c19.38

Ahmad KHān, a servant of Dēva Rāya II, 162, 319.

c19.39

Ahmadnagar, doings of Kṛṣnadēva Rāya at, after its capture, 157-58.

c19.40

Ahmad, Sultan, excesses of, 167.

c19.41

Ahōbalādri (Ahōbalam), 327.

c19.42

Ahōbalam, (Ahōbalādri), a pilgrim centre, 333; gifts of Tirumala I, at 327; Narasimha (Nrsimha) at 321, 323; restoration of worship at, by Śrī Raṅga, 327.

c19.43

Aimbadinmēlagaram, an administrative division, 179, 181.

c19.44

Ain-ul-Mulk, called brother by Rāma Rāja, 163; grant made by Sadāśiva at the request of, 162-163.

c19.45

'Ain-ul-Mulk Gilāni, the Bivanahalli grant made at the instance of, 320.

c19.46

Aitareyāraṇyaka, interpretation of the, 362.

c19.47

Aiyangar, Dr. S. K., on the contributions of Vijayanagar, 7-8; on the Kaṇṇadiyas, 24 fn.; on Kṛṣṇa Rāya’s grant to poet Nandi Timmayya for his skill in playing dice, 293 fn.; on marriage legislation in the Padaiviḍu rājyam, 257 fn.; on the origin of Vijayanagar, 2 fn.; on the position of Rāma Rāja Viṭṭhala, 203; on Virūpākṣa in whose time there was a change in the religion of the Vijayanagar house, 322 fn.

c19.48

Aiyangar, Srinivasa Raghava, R., on rates of assessment on land, under Vijayanagar, 49.

c19.49

Ajaparcatimapa (lord of Udayagiri), income and obligations of, 192; military contribution of, 138.

c19.50

Ājñādhāraka, an executor of the order of the King, 39.

c19.51

Ājñāparipālaka, an executor of the order of the King, 39.

c19.52

Akarāti Nikaṇḍu, a work of Rēvaṇasiddhar, 386.

c19.53

Ākāśamukhin, same as Ākāśavāsin, 308 fn.

c19.54

Ākāśavāsi Sāmavēdigāru, the guru of Siṅgaṇṇa Oḍeya, 308 fn.

c19.55

Akkanna, a Golkonda minister, tortured to death, 127.

c19.56

Akṣobhyamuni (Tīrtha), a contemporary of Vidyāraṇya, 5, 314;

c19.57

disciple of Madhva, 307; controversy of, with Vidyāraṇya, 305, 307. Aḷagiya Maṇavāḷa perumāḷ Toṇṭaimāṇār, fiscal regulations of, 90. Aḷagiya Nayiṉār, farming of the taxes by the trustees of the temple of, 89-90. Ālambalam, Mahājanas of, heard a case, 120, 214. Alaṅkārasudhānidhi, a work of Sāyaṇa, 359, 363; on Mādhava’s enjoyment of pleasures, 358. Ala-ud-din Khalji, method of the collection of revenues under, 79. ’Ala-ud-din Sikandar Shāh, a successor of Fakrud-din Mubārak Shāh, 301. Aḷavandār, a Vaiṣṇava Ācārya, 299. Albuquerque, repulse of, by the Zamorin of Calicut, 177. Alcaid, vetrahasta, of the literature, 274. Alexander Frey, a painter, stay of, with Veṅkaṭa II, 413. Alivu, damaged crops, 42; not counted for taxation, 53 fn. Aliya Rāmappayya, see Rāma Rāja, 65. Aliya Rāmappayadēva Mahārāśayyaṉ, a Mahāmaṇḍalēśvara, 85. Aliya Rāmarāśayyaṉ, father of Kṛṣṇamarāśayyaṉ, 386. Allama, (Prabhudēva) importance of, for the Vīra Śaiva movement, 381. Allasāni Peddana, one of the Aṣṭadiggajas, poet laureate in Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya’s court, 6, 26, 374, 376; author of Manucaritamu, 323, 376-77; and the authorship of the Āmuktamālyada, 375-76. Ālvārs, twelve, 299; on bhakti, 310; the Paramayogivilāsamu, a work on the lives of the, 379. Ālvār Tirunagiri, the place where Maṇavāḷa Mahāmuni lived, 312. Amaram, a tenure, 140, 140 fn. Amaram Timmarassa, 19. Amaramāgaṇi, estate given to an Amaranāyaka, 184. Amaranāyaka (amaramāgaṇi) the name of the estate given to, 184; represented in the larger Council of the kings, 27; functions of the, 140. Ambalavāna Dēśikar, a head of the Tiruvāvaḍuturai maṭha, 333.

c19.58

Ambassadors to foreign courts, under Vijayanagar, 172-73. Āmuktamālyada, a work of Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 9, 9fn., 18 fn., 19 fn., 20fn., 22fn., 25, 26, 27, 29, 30fn., 31, 36, 74, 96, 99, 101, 103, 112, 128, 155, 170, 171, 232, 276, 277, 365, 374-76; on the dress of women, 286; on the food in a Brahman’s house, 282; mention by, of engines, 150. Anadhāri, author of the Sundara Pāṇḍyam, 386. Aṇaimēlagaram, confirmation of the rights of the Mūvalūr temple by the assembly of, 214-15. Ānandamālai, a work of Kavirāśa Paṇḍitar, 385. Ānanda Namaśśivāya Paṇḍāram, a disciple of Cidambaraguru Namaśśivāyamūrti, 387. “Ānanda Nidhi,” grant of, by Acyuta Rāya, 325 and fn. Anantaśayanam, a pilgrim centre, 333. Anargharāghava, commentary on, written by Cerukūri Lakṣmīdhara, 367. Anegoṇḍi (Anegundi), 115, 406; set fire to, by Tippu Sultan, 4. Aṅgirasa, minister of Indra, 358. Aṇjumāṉ, 222. Aṇjuvaṇṇam, same as Hañjamana, 222. Aṇjuvaṇṇattār-teru, 222. Aṅkaya Nāyaka, superintendent of Noṇḍanguḷi nāḍu, 236; revenue concessions by, 84-85. Aṅkuśa Rāya, a feudatory of Rāma III, 367. Annalvāsal, sale of paḍikāval rights by the residents of, 131. Annadāni Gauḍa, dispute of, with Ciga Mudhaiya, regarding the gauḍika of a village, 114-15. Annamācārya, a member of the Tāḷḷapākkam family, 326. Aṉṉāmalaiyār, gift to the temple of, 85. Aṉṉāmalaikōvai, a work of Kamalai Jñāna-prakāśa Paṇḍāram, 386. Aṉṉāmalaiveṇbā, a work of Cidambaraguru Namaśśivāyamūrti, 387. Aṉṉamārādhya, a minister under Dēva Rāya II, 241. Aṇappa Uḍaiyār, 19. Anonymous chronicler, the, on the relations between Rāma Rāja and ’Ain-ul-Mulk, 163; on the strength of the Vijayanagar army, 135.

c19.59

Anquetil du Perron, on the treachery of two Muhammadans at Rakṣas Taṅgḍi, 163.

c19.60

Antoine Vico, on the revenues of Vijayanagar in 1611, 50.

c19.61

Anuṭṭāna Agaval, a work of Kamalai Jñānaprakāśa Paṇḍitar, 386.

c19.62

Āpatsahāyan, of Tirukkaḍiyūr, took part in the Raicūr (Irāccūr) campaign of Kṛṣnadēva Rāya, 144, 242.

c19.63

Aruṇagirinātha, author of the farce Somavalliyōganandaprahasana, 365.

c19.64

Aruṇagirinātha, nephew of Sabhāpati, 365 fn.

c19.65

Āpattaraṇar, author of the Bhūkōla Śāstram, a work on Geography, 386.

c19.66

Appā Pillai, grant of the right of pāḍikāval by, 132.

c19.67

Appayya Diksita, philosopher and scholar, 5, 352; son of Raṅgarāja Dīksita, 368; follower of Śrīkaṇṭha’s philosophy, 368-69; a contemporary of Śrī Raṅga and Veṅkaṭa II, 378, of Vijayīndra Tīrtha, 315, 336; patronised by Veṅkaṭa, 355, 370; controversy of, with Tātācārya, 330; controversy of, with Vijayīndra Tīrtha, 307, 330; alleged defeat of, by Doḍḍayācārya, 326 and 326-7fn.; author of Caturmataśāra, a commentary on the Yādavābhyudayam, Citramīmāmsa, Kṛṣnadhyāna Paddhati 369; Kuvalayānanda, 355, 369, 370; Mahābhāratatātparyasaṅgraha, Parimala, Rāmāyaṇatātparya saṅgraha, Śivārkamanidīpikā, Śivatattvaviveka, Varadarājastava and Vṛttivārtikam, 369; and Cinna Bommu Nāyaka, 355, 370; not a contemporary of Tenāli Rāmakṛṣṇa, 378; relations of, with Tātācārya, 368; a sarvatantrasvatantra, 369, 370; schools established, by, at Adayapalam and Vēlūr, 349, 370; wrote the Kuvalayānanda at the request of Veṅkaṭa, 370; wrote the Śivārkamanidīpikā to teach 500 pupils, 370.

c19.68

Araikāval (Superintendent of Stores in a temple), 332.

c19.69

Aramaḷaṭṭa Nāyinār, grant of privileges by, to the Kaikkōlas of Valudilambaṭṭurājya and Kāñcī, 247-48 and fn.

c19.70

Aramvalartta Nāyanār, the agent of Narasā Nāyaka, 24.

c19.71

Aramvalatta Nācciyār, a dancing girl, interview of, with Dēva Rāya II, 270.

c19.72

Araśamārttāṇḍan, a military title, 168.

c19.73

Araśukāvalgār, chief kāvalgār, 132.

c19.74

Araśus, settlement of a dispute by the, 117.

c19.75

Arava Vēlamas, 6.

c19.76

Araviḍu Kings, spread of Śrī-Vaiṣṇavism under, 327 ff.

c19.77

Āraviṭi Bukka Rāju, a feudatory of Kṛṣnadēva Rāya, 10.

c19.78

Architects, exempted from the payment of certain taxes, 96.

c19.79

Architecture, contribution of Vijayanagar to, 6-7; encouragement of, under Vijayanagar, 100; features of the Vijayanagar style of, 388-90.

c19.80

Arhat Pārśvanātha, a temple for, built by Dēva Rāya II, 316.

c19.81

Ariyanātha Mudaliyār, sat with Virappa Nāyaka to decide a case, 111; decision of a dispute by, 118.

c19.82

Ariyalūr, its poligar, the Araśu kāvalgār of the place, 132.

c19.83

Ariyappa Uḍaiyār, see Harihara I, 13fn.

c19.84

Army, in the march, 151-52; time of payment to, 159; standing and feudal, 99; of Vijayanagar, weakness of the, 164-65.

c19.85

Ārōgyaśālai, hospital, maintained by the temple at Śrīraṅgam, 228.

c19.86

Artillery, came into existence under Vijayanagar, 145; use of the, 149-50.

c19.87

Artisans, migration of from Kaṅganipalle śīme, due to heavy taxation, 96.

c19.88

Aruḷaladāsar, see Varadaṇ, 385.

c19.89

Arunagirinātha, author of a commentary on Śaṅkara’s Saundaryalaharī, 365.

c19.90

Aruṇagiripurāṇam, a work of Maraijñānasambandar, 385.

c19.91

Aruṇācalapurāṇam, a work of Ellappa Nāyanār, 386.

c19.92

Aruṇagiriyandāṇḍi, a work of Cidambara Guru Namaśśivāyamūrti, 387.

c19.93

Arunaiyantāti, a work of Ellappa Nāyanār, 386.

c19.94

Aśōka, Borderer’s Edict of, 26; built the Mauryan Empire, 9.

c19.95

Assessment of tax on land, method of the, 44-47; rates of, 47-56.

c19.96

Aṣṭadiggajas, the, 374-380.

c19.97

Aṣṭapradhān Council, of Śivāji, 28.

c19.98

Asu, a kind of poetry, 270.

c19.99

Aśvapatis, Vijayanagar kings, ‘so-called on account of their strength in horses, 147.

c19.100

*Atharvavedabhāṣya*, written by Sāyaṇa, 360.

c19.101

*Athavana*, Taxation Department, 86.

c19.102

Ativīra Rāma Pāṇḍya, author of Naidadam, *Kāsīkandam Kūrma-purāṇam*, *Liṅgapuranam* and *Verri-vērkai*, 386; date of, 309 *fn*.

c19.103

Ātrēya Rāmānuja, great-grandson of Pranātārthihara and uncle of Vēdānta Dēśika, 355.

c19.104

Āttūr, disputes among the Pāñcālas at, 245.

c19.105

*Attuvakkattalai*, a work of Kamalai Jñānaprakāśa Paṇḍāram, 386.

c19.106

Audience Hall, at Vijayanagar, architectural features of the, 402.

c19.107

Aufrecht, on the authorship of the Vedic Commentaries, 362; on the date of the death of Sāyaṇa, 363; on the *Vyāsarāya Matha*, 315.

c19.108

Avanam, a village restored to the Tiruviḍaimarudūr temple, 118.

c19.109

Avaly, Mallapanayque, the lord of the country of, 193.

c19.110

*Ayagārs*, and the decline of the village republics, 217; and justice, 114-15; proportions of the, from the 'finger-giving classes,' 346.

c19.111

*Ayagār* system, the, under Vijayanagar, 217-20.

c19.112

*Ayangadi* (*Ayagārs*), 218.

c19.113

*Ayirappaḍal*, a work of Kamalai Jñānaprakāśa Paṇḍāram, 386.

c19.114

Ayres de Saladana, the Portuguese Viceroy, embassy sent by Veṅkaṭa II to, 174.

c19.115

Ayyala Rāju, one of the *astadiggajās*, 374.

c19.116

Ayyangar, Ramaswamy, M. S., on the religion of the early Vijayanagar kings, 316-17 *fn*.

c19.117

Ayyangar, Srinivasa, M., on the origin of the *Valaṅgai* and *Idaṅgai* classes, 251; on the results of the colonisation of Tamil India by the Telugu and Kanarese people, 253-54.

c19.118

Ayyaparasayya, *Rāyasam*, 37.

c19.119

Ayyar, Balasubrahmanya, S. R., on the construction of the northern *gōpuram* at Cidambaram, 322 *fn*.

c19.120

Ayyar, Jagadisa, P. V., on the oil used by the would-be *satī*, 259*fn*.

c19.121

Ayyar, Ramanatha, A. S., on *Koṭṭaipanam*, 68 *fn*.

c19.122

Ayyar, Subrahmanya, K. V., on the decline of the village assemblies, 217.

c19.123

*Ayvarōle*, 22.

c19.124

**B**

c19.125

Babanatta, a Muhammadan saint, 320.

c19.126

Bacanor, a buffer state of Vijayanagar, 170; a subordinate of Vijayanagar, 141.

c19.127

Bācarasayya, an officer under Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 241.

c19.128

Bādarāyaṇa, *Brahmasūtras* of, 364.

c19.129

Baḍugulavāru, decision of the quarrels of the, with the Palināṭivāru, 119.

c19.130

Bahmani kingdom, 2; Sultans, incursions by the, into the Vijayanagar dominions, 176; wars of the Rāyas with the, 99.

c19.131

Bajapanayque, lord of Bodial, income and obligations of, 193; military contributions of, 138.

c19.132

Bajapanayque, lord of Mumdoguel, income and obligations of, 193.

c19.133

*Bajuris*, a dress, 284.

c19.134

Bakhir of Rāma Rāja, description of the Vijayanagar armies at Raksas Taṅgdi by, 145, 146.

c19.135

*Bāla Bhāgavatamu*, of Koneruna, dedicated to Cinna Timma Rāja, 379.

c19.136

*Bāla Bhārata*, of Agastya, commented on by Sāḷuva Timma, 365.

c19.137

*Bāla Bhārata Vyākhyā*, a commentary on Agastya's *Bāla Bhārata*, written by Sāḷuva Timma, 365.

c19.138

Balijas, 6.

c19.139

Ballagate, 176.

c19.140

Ballāla III, made to submit to Muḥammad Bin Tughlak, 300.

c19.141

Bāṇa, author of the *Kādambarī*, 373.

c19.142

Banavāse (i) 12,000, 185; Mārappa, Viceroy of, 191.

c19.143

Bandarasayya, settlement of a dispute by, between the Pāñcālas and the cultivators, 245-46.

c19.144

Bandha, a kind of poetry, 270.

c19.145

Bandyopadhyaya on the Hindu political ideals, 20.

c19.146

Bankpur (Bengapor), a subordinate of Vijayanagar, 141, 170, 202.

c19.147

Barabullowuttee (*Ayagārs*), 218.

c19.148

Barbers, special privileges of, from the state, 248-49; tax on, 62, 63 *fn*., 64, 65, 93.

c19.149

Barbosa (Duarte), on the arrangements of streets according to occupation, 280, and *fn*.; on the attendance of men by women in war, 266-67; on the choice of men for the army, 136; on the Council room of the Vijayanagar kings, 27-28; on the decision of the king in his Council on the necessity for going to war, 150; on the dietary of the Vijayanagar kings, 281-82; on the dress of women, 286; on duelling, 291-92; on the food of the Brahmans, 282; on the harem, 265; on the lead-dress of women, 286; on hook-swinging, 345; on the houses in the harem, 264; on the houses of the nobility, 279; on the Jogis, 345; on kings seldom going to war in person, 153; on Malabar and Vijayanagar, 177; on the march of the army, 151; on the method of writing at Calicut, 354; on the ornaments of the people, 287-88; on the pay of the soldiers, 160; on the performance of sati, 258, 260; on the pleasures afforded by the women of the harem, 268-69; on the price of horses, 148; on the punishment for failure to conform to the obligations of the Nāyakas, 196; on the rivalry among the wives of the king, 263 and fn.; on the sense of security in the Vijayanagar empire, 129; on setting fire to temporary cities, 153; on the shooting of the three arrows by the king after the review of the forces, 161; on the soldiers "living according to their own law," 137, 144; on the starting of the king for war, 151; on the strength of the Vijayanagar army, 134-35, 136; on the tonsure of widows, 262; on the training and attainments of the women, 270; on the training given to the dancing girls, 295; on the use of shoes and umbrellas, 285; on the voluntary nature of sati, 260; on the Vijayanagar empire, 196-97; on the wealth of the courtezans at the capital, 267-68; on women following the army, 165; resentment of, against certain classes of Brahmans, 244.

c19.150

Barradas, on the Madura Nāyak, 274; on the origin of the cap, 284 fn.

c19.151

Bartolomeo Fontebona, an Italian Lay Brother, and painter, stay of, with Veṅkaṭa II, 413-14.

c19.152

Basava (Vṛṣabha), Minister of Bijjala, gave a popular turn to Vīra Śaivism, 308.

c19.153

Basavaṇṇa Uḍaiyār, governor of the Bārakūru rājya, 35.

c19.154

Basava Purāṇa, translated into Kannaḍa by Bhīma Kavi, 381.

c19.155

Basrūr, 128.

c19.156

Bate (a)cala (Bhatkal), a buffer state of Vijayanagar, 170, 176; a subordinate of Vijayanagar, 141, 202.

c19.157

Bayicaya Nāyaka, son of Mahāsāvantādhipati Hebbare Nāyaka, 236.

c19.158

Becanor, a subordinate of Vijayanagar, 202.

c19.159

Bedabinugu, tax on, 64.

c19.160

Benakappa Seṭṭi, a dharmaśāsana to, 80.

c19.161

Bengal, adjoined the Vijayanagar empire, 175, 176.

c19.162

Bengapor, see Bankpur, 141, 170, 202.

c19.163

Bernier, on the Omrahs, 141-2 fn.

c19.164

Betel leaf, use of the, 289; used by women even in the presence of the king, 268.

c19.165

Bevanahalli grant, made by Rāma Rāja at the instance of 'Ain-ul-Mulk Gilāni, 320.

c19.166

Bezeneger (Vijayanagar), 163, 284.

c19.167

Bhāgavata, portions of, translated into Telugu by Haribhaṭṭa, 366; scenes from the, sculptured in the Lakṣmī-dēva temple, 396.

c19.168

Bhāgavata campū, a work of Rājanātha, dedicated to Acyuta, 366.

c19.169

Bhāgavata Purāṇam, rendered into Tamil by Śevvaiccūḍuvar, 384.

c19.170

Bhakti Sañjivini, grant by Acyuta Rāya for the recitation of, 332, 351.

c19.171

Bhanappa Odeya, governor of Bārakūru, gift by, of money at the instance of Dēva Rāya Mahārāya, 89.

c19.172

Bhārata, son of Adinātha, 383.

c19.173

Bhārata, in Kannaḍa, a work of Kumāra Vyāsa and Cāmarasa, 381.

c19.174

Bharatēśa Vaibhava, a work of Ratnākara Varṇi, 383.

c19.175

Bhārati Tīrtha, a guru of Mādhava, 358.

c19.176

Bhārgava, Minister of Śaṅkara, 188.

c19.177

Bhāskara Kavi, father of Timmaṇṇa Kavi, 382.

c19.178

Bhāṣya Bhūṣā, a lit. work, 352.

c19.179

Bhatkal (Batacalla), 141, 170, 176, 202.

c19.180

Bhaṭṭa Bayicappa, a composer of grants, 353.

c19.181

Bhaṭṭākalaṅkadēva, author of the Karṇāṭakaśabdānuśāsana, 383. Bhaṭṭavṛttimānyams, 350. Bhaṭṭu Mūrti, same as Rāma Rāja Bhūṣaṇa, 379. Bhāvacintāratna, a work of Mallanārya, 382. Bhāvanāpuruṣottama, a dramatic work by Ratnakhēṭa Dīkṣita, dedicated to Śūrappa Nāyaka of Jiñji, 367. Bhēri, a musical instrument, 296. Bhīma Kavi, translated into Kannaḍa the Basava Purāṇa, 381. Bhūkōla Śāstram, a work on Geography, by Āpattaraṇar, 386. Bhūmipeṇḍe, a mark of honour, 191. Bhūpati Udaiyār, father of Vīra Rāyaṇṇa Udaiyār, 230. Bhūtalavīra, acceptance of the overlordship of Rāma Rāja Viṭṭhala by, 203. Bhuvanagiri (Bomgarin), Salvanayque, lord of, 82, 192. Bhōga-āyakam, 106. Bhōganātha, author of the Gaurīnāthāṣṭaka, Mahāgaṇapatistava, Rāmollāsa, Śṛṅgāramañjarī, Tripuravijaya and Udāharaṇamālā, 363. Bhōga patra, 106. Bhuvanēśvarī, shrine of, at Vijayanagar, 391. Bidar, gifts of Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya to the messengers from the Sultan of, 172; Sultan of, conquered by Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 147. Bijapur, envoy from, 173; Honawar, sometimes subordinate of, 202; interference of the Sultans of, in South Indian affairs, 4; Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya's announcement as to what had taken place between himself and the Sultan of, 171-72; Raicūr in, 144; Sultan of, paid tribute to Rāma Rāja, 177. Birar, gifts of Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya to the messengers from the Sultan of, 172. Bisnaga (r) (Vijayanagar), 50, 82, 138, 141, 198, 274, 281. Bizengalia (Vijayanagar), 342. Blacksmiths, exempted from the payment of certain taxes, 96. Bodial, Bajapanayque, the lord of, 193. Bombeya Lakka, a scholar of the time of Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 382. Bomgarin (Bhuvanagiri), 82.

c19.182

Bommakka, a satī, patron deity of the Toṭṭiyans, 254. Bommalāṭa, puppet show, 294. Bommarasa, author of the Soundara Purāṇa, 382. Brass workers, exempted from the payment of certain taxes, 96. Bṛhaspati, followed by Mādhava, for adjective law, 108. Brahmadeya, 42, 55; village, had a sabhā, 207, 208. Brahmans, alleged feelings against, 242-43; as administrators and ministers, 241; generally Daṇḍanāyakas, 197; dress and simplicity of, 243-44, 247; Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya on their appointment to administrative posts, 242, and on the expenses on, 99, 148; not to be molested by wars, according to ancient Dharma, 166; Nuniz on, and law, 113; occupation of, 241; of Malavaḷḷi, excommunication of the, for sale of property to Śūdras, 211; part of the, in the Mahānavamī festival, 339; place of, in society, 240-244; privileges of the, 240; resentment against certain traits in the character of the, 244; respected by Dēva Rāya II and Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya, 240; vegetarians, 282; as viceroys and generals under Vijayanagar, 143-44; women among the, 263. Brahmasūtras, of Bādarāyaṇa, Brahmasūtravṛtti, a gloss on the, 361; deduced by Madhva, elaborated by Vādirāja in his Yuktimallikā, 370. Brahmasūtravṛtti, a gloss on the Brahmasūtras of Bādarāyaṇa, and written by Dēva Rāya II, 364. Brahmanya Tīrtha, guru of Vyāsarāya Tīrtha, 314. Brahmīśvara, same as Kulōttunga-soḷanallūr, a unit village, 189. Briggs, on the procuring of guns, 150. British, embassy to the, sent by Veṅkaṭa II, 174. Brown, on the origin of the Vipravinōdins, 244. Buchanan, on 'the farming of the State revenues, 80; on hook swinging, 346; on Kṛṣṇadēva Rāya's survey and assessment, 45-46; on the Right Hand and Left Hand groups, 250-51. Buddha, figure of, in the Hazāra Rāmasvāmi temple, 393. Buddhism in Vijayanagar, 317fn.

c19.183

Bühler, on the visit of Sōmaśēkharānanda to Nepal, 335 *fn*.

c19.184

Bukka I, (Bukkamahīpati, Bukkanna Uḍaiyār, Bukkanna Voḍeyār, Bukka Rāja), son of Saṅgama, 304; appointed *Yuvarāja* by Harihara I, 11; appointed Mādhava Mantri as governor of the West, 191; and the composition of the Vedic commentaries, 360-63; co-ruler with his brother Harihara I, 13; disciple of Kriyāśakti Paṇḍita 307; disrespect shown by, to the ambassador of Muhammad Shāh, 172; embassy of, to the Court of Taitsu, the Ming Emperor of China, 173; encouragement given to soldiers by, 154; father of Kampana and Virūpākṣa I, 175, 187, 364; founded and strengthened the Vijayanagar empire, 2, 9; helped by Vidyāraṇya in religious revival, 305; importance of the fort of Gutti to, 155; Jain-Vaisnava pact effected by, 315-16; Mādhava, a minister under, 241, 261; Mādhavācārya, the *Kulaguru* and minister of, 307 *fn*., 358; march of, to Adōni, 134; Mudda Daṇḍanātha, Prime Minister of, 30; Nācana Sōmanātha Kavi, a Court Poet of, 372; Nāgaṇṇa, a great minister of, 117; *rājyas* in the time of, 178; Sāyaṇa, the minister of, 30, 359; war of, with the Bahmani Sultan, 149-50.

c19.185

Bukka II, fiscal regulations by, 90; grant of land by one Rācappa for the service of God Kaḷḷedēva, during the time of, 215; Lakṣmaṇa Paṇḍita, a poet in the court of, 364; settlement by, of the taxes payable by the Śeṭṭis, Kaikkōlas and Vāṇiyars of Pulipparakōyil, 65; *Yuvarāja* and co-ruler during the time of Harihara II, 10.

c19.186

Bukkaṇṇa Uḍaiyār (Bukka I), 13 *fn*., 235.

c19.187

Bukkaṇṇa Voḍeyār (Bukka I), 224.

c19.188

Bukka Raja, see Bukka I, 11.

c19.189

Bukka Rāju Rāma Rāju, attack of Kandanavōlu by, 152.

c19.190

Bukka Rāyal, enquiry of a dispute by, 116.

c19.191

*Burhān-i-Ma'sir*, estimate of the, about the revenues of Sadāśiva, 50.

c19.192

Burma, reduction of parts of, by Vijayanagar, 166.

c19.193

Burnell, on rates of assessment on land under Vijayanagar, 49.

c19.194

c19.195

Caesar Frederick, on the coins issued by the provincial governors, 188; on the dress of the common people, 284-85; on the form and size of Vijayanagar, 406, 407; on the performance of *satī*, 258-260; on Rāma Raja's usurpation, 17; on the treachery of two Muhamadans as Rakṣas Taṅgḍi, 163; on the use of shoes, 285.

Administration and Social Life under Vijayanagar c19: Index

Contents

Index