Chandragupta Maurya and His Times c15.9

c15.9

Villages are also described from the fiscal point of view as (1) *Parihāraka*, rendered revenue-free by royal favour as a gift, (2) *Āyudhīya*, paying revenue in the form of military service, (3) *Dhānya-pratikara*, paying land revenue in the form of grain, (4) *Paśupratikara*, (5) *Hiraṇyapratikara*, (6) *Kupyapratikara* and (7) *Vis̲h̲ṭi-pratikara*, paying revenue in cattle (e.g., cows for milk, bullocks for carrying load, sheep and goats for their wool); in gold, silver or copper; in forest produce and in labour, respectively [II. 35]