Republics in Ancient India, c. 1500 B.C.–500 B.C. c19.59

c19.59

*Mahāvastu*, 123, 197; on Koliyas, 209-10, 211; on Licchavis, 86; on number of Licchavi *rājās*, 99 Mahā-Videha, location of, 167 Mahāgovinda Jotipāla, 139 Mahāvīra, 1, 7, 59, 85, 120, 159, 161, 162, 163, 181, 218, 232, 238; death of, 105-06, 133; epithets of, 161, 167; father, as chief of Nāya clan, 162, marriage of, 163, member of Vajjian council, 163; in memory of, 132, 177; parents of, 166, 167; relation with Pārśva, 167; as Vesālian, 163 Mahāyāna sources, on Ajātasattu, 133 Maithilī, 145, 158 *Maitrāyaṇī Saṁhitā*, 34, 38; date of composition, 39; on women in the *sabhā*, 39 *Majjhima Nikāya*, 115, 169, 180, 182, 194, 199, 225, 230; on Kola, 207; on Licchavis, 96, 121; on Makhādeva, 151; on Mallas, 175; on *saṅgha* and *gaṇa*, 10; on Sakya, 190 Majumdar, R. C., 2, 3n 4, 11, 15, 87, 93, 119; on elective kingship, 19, 25; definition of *gaṇa*, 10; on Licchavian, institutions, 146, judicial procedure, 118, on number in assembly, 101-2; on Sakya-Kosala relations, 183; on Sakyan form of government, 187, 188; on Sakyan *rājās*, 189 Majumdar Sastri, S., 225 Makhādeva, 151, 152 *Makuṭa-bandhana*, 176 Malalasekera, G. P., 87, 113, 182, 184; on derivation of Koliya, 207; on location of Bhaggas, 229; on location of Bulis, 225; on name of the Kālāmas, 234; on Sakyan form of government, 186-87 Mālavas, 179n 5, 241 Mallas, 7, 84, 95, 96, 105, 144, 147, 151, 155, 156, 157, 166, 169, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, 179, 181, 184, 194, 202, 203, 207, 208, 213, 222, 226, 229, 234, 238, 241; antiquity of, 169-70; assembly of, 175-77; —*rājaputta* Bandhula, 179; —*bhū*, 172; —*bhūmī*, 172; branches of, 170, 178-79; after Buddha's death, 181; chiefs in Tibet and Nepal 181; council of, 177-78; Dakshiṇa—, 174; derivation of Malla, 169, 171; disappearance of, 181; —*gaṇa*, 172; —*Japanada*, 171; migration of, 179; —*pāmokhās*, 177; prosperity of, 176; —*rāṣṭra* (*raṭṭha*), 171-72; relation with the Vajjian League, 97, 179-80; rituals of, 181; sovereign rights of, 115, 178; territory of, 171, 179, 221; war with Ajātasattu, 180-81 Mallikā, 180 Malloi, 179n 5 Mandhātā, 140 Manu, 20, 89, 90, 134, 136, 181; on Licchavis, 86; on Videhas, 157-58 Marian army reforms, 115 Maruts, 63, 65, 73, 77; *gaṇas* of, 8, 76 Marxism, on matriarchy-patriarchy, 71 Massalia, 112 *Māta-Posaka Jātaka*, on Vedeha, 140 Mātariśvan, 65 Matriarchy, 71 Matsyas, 136 Mauryas, 7, 222; derivation of, 92; fall of, 133; first emperor of, 168. *See also* Candragupta Maurya; period, 181 Mayrhofer, M., on etymology of Videha, 142 *Mayūra*, 219, 220 Medaṭalumpa, 185, 194 Mediaeval bards, 75 Meetings, procedure of, 113 Megasthenes, on monarchy, 22-3 Mihirakula, 13 Mining operations, 128n 1 Mithilā, 91, 139, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 152, 179; abandonment of Brāhmanism at, 150; centre of trade, 151; foundation of, 143-44, 151; size of, 145 Mitra, 53, 64, 65, 77; —Varuṇa, 66 Modern terms, use of for ancient institutions, 118 Monarchy, 17; agression on republics, 240-41; in Brāhmanic period, 5, 18, 61, 237; and Brāhmanism, 151; choice of successor in, 127; distinguished from *saṅgha*, 11; evolution of, 5, 60-61; hereditary, 15; origin of, 22-23; in *ṚV*, 23; transformation of, 62; in Vedic India, 3, 15