An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c40.119

v2.c40.119

At an ecclesiastical site like Nālandā it is futile to expect manifold objects of material interest. Nevertheless the following deserve mention, though their stratigraphical position is uncertain: iron flat bars, knives, axes, sickles, tongs, hoes, spades and nails (also of copper); iron *svastikas*; metal and clay lamps [6.11]; censers [12.2]; plain or gilded conches; pottery bowls; bronze cups and jugs; stone pestles, querns [6.19] and ladles; metal scissors; stone-cutter’s and artisan’s tools, such as iron chisels and honing stones [16.18]; potter’s dabbers [16.11]; clay moulds of seals, *stūpas* and plaques; inkpots [20.2] of clay and metal; cowries for exchange; ornamental gold leaves and beads; bone and ivory game pieces [6.7.2]; bangles and rings; rubies for inlaying in bronzes; glass beads and rings; crucibles [16.4]; cattle balls [6.3] of metal; iron elephant goads; and cattle-branding iron stamps. Chain armours, quivers, spearheads, daggers, sword-hilts, etc., as well as glazed pottery, were probably left behind by foreign invaders.