The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c11.78

c11.78

§179. *Internal asceticism* also knows of six media as does the external one (*Thāṇ.* 364b). Here we have the subjection to confessions and atonement (§ 158; 161). Second follows good behaviour (*viṇaya*) towards knowledge, faith and conduct, furthermore in thinking, speaking and acting in which it makes no difference whether the object is of a spiritual kind or not, and in the way of proving oneself helpful, tactful (*desakāla-mṇ*) and friendly.² Third ranges the readiness to spiritual service (§ 149) and fourth the study (§ 150). In T. 9, 20 follows fifth the abandonment (*vyutsarga*) of all outer and inner groundworks of existence in which the latter are represented by the body and the passions and the former by the twelvefold *upadhi*.³ Umāsvāti does not go into details. In the Uvav. the corresponding follows only sixth behind the *jhāna* which for its being the larger subject will be treated later. The *viosagga* there referred to (though generally written *viussagga*)¹ disengages from all both material and immaterial (*davva-v.* and *bhāva-v.*), i.e. from the body, the surroundings (*gaṇa*), the belongings (*uvahi*) and food on the one hand and from the passions, the Saṃsāra and the Karman on the other.