The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c8.83

c8.83

§67. The number of different senses (*indiya*; Viy. 223b : *āyāṇa*) amounts to five in all (Pannav. 15).¹ They are unequally distributed among the beings, and that is why the latter are divided into such furnished with one to five senses, as frequently mentioned above, thus forming the fundamentals for approaching the animate world. Beings with one sense own nothing but sensation, those with two have taste added, those with three smell, those with four vision, and those with five the power of hearing.² The first four are comprised as beings with incomplete senses (*vigal’indiya*). The immeasurably small particles of earth, water, fire and wind, and, moreover, all plants are counted among the beings having one sense only. The various manifestations of the elements, all plants and such beings furnished with more senses than one are listed by Pannav. 24a ff. without the intention of completeness, and equally by Utt. 36, while Paṇhāv. 1 mentions many of them short of a system. As to the organs of the senses the above mentioned sequence is the reverse, and then, accordingly, the first three senses have 2 organs each,³ and the latter two one each. For this Pannav.