The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c9.23

c9.23

§107. The Lower World (*ahe-loga*). In the lower world there are seven regions (*puḍhavī*, Umāsvāti gives *bhūmi*). Their names are Rayaṇappabhā (*imā R.*, see § 113 footnote), Sakkarappabhā, Vāluyappabhā, Paṅkappabhā, Dhūmappabhā, Tam(appabh)ā, and Tamatamā or, commonly, Ahesattamā (Mahātamaḥprabhā).¹ This is their sequence from above to below. In between them there are spaces of unmeasured extension,² and a space of that kind separates also the lowest region from the non-world (Viy. 651 b). For each region is enveloped by hulls which, in succession, consist of viscous water, viscous wind³ and light wind. The last and most remote is followed by an intermediate space (*uvās’antara*), Ṭhāṇ. 177a,388b; comp. Viy. 152a and also Ṭhāṇ. 152b). Below each region these hulls are very wide: the water hull amounting to 20,000, the remaining to ¿ joy.; to their sides, where they are ring-shaped (*valaya*), they are quite thin: measuring 6, 4½ and 1½ *joy.* in the Rayaṇappabhā, increasing evenly up to 8.6 *joy.* in the remaining regions and measuring 2 *joy.* in the Ahesattamā. Beyond the light wind hull, at the sides, the world ends (*loy’anta*); thus the intermediate part of space lies below the regions only. The hulls of the uppermost region include the centre world and, partly, also the upper world (§ 129).