History of Technology in India, Vol. I: From Antiquity to c. 1200 A.D. v1.c26.s3.t2.9

v1.c26.s3.t2.9

| *Surā* | The earliest-mentioned liquor made from barley or rice flour by fermentation, and perhaps used by the detested asuras. Later a generic word for a strong drink |
| *Māsara* | A fermented mixture of barley gruel, or rice gruel (*kanjika*), and spices, which was then filtered. Also perhaps Pre-Aryan |
| *Pariśutra* | Fermented flowers with added aromatic grasses |
| *Kilala* | Fermented, sweetened cereal-derived drink |
| *Kalika* | A kind of wine |
| *Avadatika* | A kind of wine, different from *kalikā* |
| *Maireya* | A liquor, probably distilled, flavoured with the tree bark of mesasringi (*Gymnema sylvestre*), with added guda (or sugar), pepper, triphala and spices |
| *Kaśāya* | A fermented extract of rice meal and flowers |
| *Madya* | A general term for a strong liquor |
| *Vāruni* | Distillate of fermented *mahuā* (*Madhuca indica*) flowers. Later also applied to the distilled ferment from dates and palm fruits, and perhaps for any strong drink |
| *Madīra :* | A general term for wine of high quality |
| *Prasanna* | Fermented rice flour, flavoured with spices, bark and . fruit, the name may be suggestive of the clarity of the drink |
| *Śidhu ;* | Fermented and distilled sugarcane juice with *dhātakī* flowers (*Woodfordia fruticosa*). The red flowers contributed colour, astringent tannins and an alcoholic ferment. Amlasidhu may have had added amla fruit (*Embilca officianalis*) |
| *Kādambari* | A distilled liquor based on ripe kadamba fruit (*Anthocephalus cadamba*) |
| *Tallaka* | Wine from palm fruit juice |
| *Jati* | Wine flavoured with jasmine flowers |
| *Khajurāsava* | Wine from dates |
| *Jambu-āsava* | Wine from the jambu fruit (*Syzygium cumini*) |
| *Medaka* | Wine made from rice and spices. The name may suggest the fattening property of the drink. |
| *Sahakarasurā* | Wine brewed form mango juice |
| *Mahāsurā* | Mango juice wine with a high proportion of fruit extract |
| *Rasottara* | Wine from molasses |
| *Kaula* | Wine from ber fruit (*Zizyphus species*) |
| *Śvetasura* | A clear palm drink achieved by adding *Kataśarkara* and licorice decoction |
| *Bijottara* | Palm fruit liquor of some special kind |