A History of Indian Medical Literature v2.c30.694

v2.c30.694

upodghāta 42. MW (reference to Lalitavistara *1.28; compare ed. P.L. Vaidya, 2). P.V. Sharma (1970a): 60; (1989a): 10. Vṛddhatrayī 16. 56 See H. Kern (1968): 263 (chapter XIII). Compare D. Chattopadhyaya (1979): 260; P.V. Sharma (1989a): 10; F. Edgerton (1977) (reference to Saddharmapuṇḍarīka *276.2). 57 F. Edgerton (1977) refers to Mahāvastu (*III.412.7; see J.J. Jones, 1956: III, 412–413) (see on this treatise: Winternitz II, 187–193) and Śikṣāsamuccaya (*331.11; compare C. Bendall and W.H.D. Rouse, 1971: 48, where the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka is quoted) (see on the Śikṣāsamuccaya: Winternitz II, 260–263). D. Chattopadhyaya (1979): 260–261) refers to T.W. Rhys Davids (1898) and to C. Bendall (1901). 58 D. Chattopadhyaya (1979): 260 (referring to *Jacobi's translation, Sacred Books of the East XLV, Oxford 1895, repr. Delhi 1964: 237). Carakas are mentioned in Jinadāsa's cūrṇi (cūrṇī) ad Sūyagaḍa 2.1.19 (see W.B. Bollée, 1977: 150–151). 59 See Bṛhajjātaka 15.1. A.L. Basham (1951): 39 and 169. Gulabkunverba I, 85. Hemarājaśarman's upodghāta, 43. P.V. Sharma (1970a): 60; (1989a): 10. V. Śukla (1977): I, 45. Yādavaśarman's upodghāta (7) to ed. z of the Carakasamhitā. An identical statement is, according to A.M. Shastri (1991: 139), found in Varāhamihira's Laghujātaka (*9.12). P.V. Sharma and A.M. Shastri (1991: 135–136) both refer to Bṛhajjātaka 15.1 (quoted by A.M. Shastri, 1991: 139; A.M. Shastri refers to several authors who discussed this verse). The commentator Bhaṭṭotpala (quoted by A.M. Shastri, 1991: 139 and 141) interprets the term caraka as cakradhara (carrying a disk); the commentator Rudra describes the carakas as a group of heretics (pākhaṇḍabheda) who wear a ring (mudrādhārin) and are known as experts in yogic exercises (yogābhyāsakuśala) and medicine (cikitsāniipuṇa). Cakradharas are described in the Buddhacarita (7.3) and regarded by E.H. Johnston (1978) as ascetics branded with the discus of Viṣṇu. The term is also employed for a kind of ascetic in the Mahābhārata and may have the same meaning as cakracara, mentioned in the Mahābhārata and Arthaśāstra (see E.H. Johnston's notes on Buddhacarita 7.3). Cakracara is also a term found in Varāhamihira's Bṛhatsamhitā (10.12), where it is interpreted as a potter by Bhaṭṭotpala. 60 A.L. Basham (1951): 184. P.V. Sharma (1970a): 60; (1989a): 10 (referring to Jātakapārijāta *15.16). The Jātakapārijāta was probably composed about A.D. 1425–1450 (A.L. Basham, 1951: 184). 61 P.V. Sharma (1970a): 60; (1989a): 11. Compare S. Chattopadhyaya (1955: 40 and 93), who refers to Nāsik inscription No. 10 (see *Epigraphia Indica VIII, 78ff.). Nahapāna was a satrap (kṣatrapa) and belonged to the Kṣaharātas, probably a branch of the Śakas, who carved out a principality on the ruins of the early Sātavāhana empire and attained great power (S. Chattopadhyaya, 1955; R.C. Majumdar et al., 1948: 119). See on Nahapāna, Ṛṣabhadatta and the Nāsik cave inscriptions: D.R. Bhandarkar (1911): 14; S. Chattopadhyaya (1955): 34–48; G.V. Rao (1982); D.V.S. Reddy (1972b): 190–194; D.C. Sircar (1968a): 180–182, (1968b): 201. See on the relevant inscription: D.C. Sircar (1986): I, 167–170 (No. 59). See on Nahapāna's date (about A.D. 119–124 or 125): A.-M. Boyer (1897); S. Chattopadhyaya (1955): 41–48; Th. Damsteegt (1978): 276; A.H. Dani (1968); P.H.L. Eggermont (1968); J.P. Jain (1964): 90–92; J.E. van Lohuizen-de Leeuw (1949): 332; D.R. Mankad (1951): 181–182; A. Maricq (1968); V.V. Mirashi (1965); G.V. Rao (1982): 93, 100–103; D.C. Sircar (1968a): 180–182, (1986): I, 164. 62 The Harṣacarita mentions a young physician who is a Paunarvasava (see the translation of E.B. Cowell and F.W. Thomas, II, 143–144).