Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c33.4

c33.4

Aristotle, concept of entelechy, 290; relation between form and matter, 290 Arithmetic (*Rāśi*), 108 Arjuna, best pupil of Droṇa, 338; prowess in art of fighting attained by, 338 Arms, instruction in use of given to Pāṇḍu and Kuru princes, 338 Ārshṭisena, student failing in scholarship, 333 Arthaśāstra, explanation of, 170; of Kauṭilya, education as described in, 246,—information regarding arts and crafts of ancient India furnished by, 363; schools of, 248; significance of name of, 248 (footnote) *Arthavāda*, nature of, 72; part of subject-matter of Brāhmaṇa texts, 5; part of Veda, supplementary to Vidhi, 6 Arts and crafts according to Pāli Texts, 363; (Kalās) sixty-four, referred to in literature, 353 *et. seq.*; of ancient India, information regarding in Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya, 363; Vihāra as school of, 444 Aruṇa Aupaveśi Gautama, Later Vedic teacher, 118 Āruṇeya Svetaketu, or Auddālaki, Later Vedic teacher, 119 Āruṇi, ideal student, 332 Ārya Deva, Buddhist literary celebrity associated with University of Nālandā, 557; works of, 576 Aryan speech, classical Sanskrit regarded as distinct standard of, 225 Āryavarma from Korea, 578 *Āsana* (Prescribed Postures) as aid to Yoga, 315 *Āsanam* (Sitting) connected with practice of *Yoga*, 115 Ascetic (Vānaprastha), 221, 222; life and worldly life in monasteries, separation between, 408; orders, already existing, disciples of the Buddha drawn from, 385; non-Buddhist before rise of Buddhism, 393; pre-Buddhist Brahmanical, 381 Ascetics (Bhikshus) originators of literature bearing upon, 240; Order of, middle path followed by, 409; Buddhist Order of, only one among others flourishing at the time, 408; classes of, 241; consecration of their lives to learning, 506; of Buddhism, class of humanity to which belonging, 409; Orders of, points of agreement as regards practice, 408, 409; property of, 257 Asceticism, enjoinment of, 97, 98; proving success of Indian education, 506; value attaching to, 282 *Ashkara-Purusha* (Eternal Being), 10 Ashṭāṅga-yoga (Loss of consciousness of external objects), 264 *Ashṭasāhasrikā-Prajñāpāramitā*, copies made of, 563 Āśmarathya, Sūtra teacher, 171 Aśmārohaṇa, ceremony during initiation of students to Upanayana, 181 *Asmitā*, explanation of, 312; fourth stage of *Samhādī*, 297 Asoka, Edict of, censuring predominance of ceremonies in Buddhist life, 393 Asokan rock-edicts (footnote) 100 Āśrama, 157; fourth, of life as wandering mendicant, 264; fully equipped, departments enumerated, 333; of Bharadvāja at Prayāga, 343, 344; third and fourth, of life, examples of, 157 Āśramas, discipline of, 262; of life, four, 97, 157, 269, 392; discipline of progressively realizing idea of renunciation, 377, 378; observance of rule regarding, upon whom binding, 378; recruits of ascetics and monks under operation of law of, 380; principles underlying, 326; student residents of, 343; three Orders of, 221; use of for learned discourses, 343 Astrology, origin of, 168 Astronomy (*Bhūta-Vidyā*), 108; growth of, origin, 226; (*Jyotisha*) foundation of, how laid, 66; knowledge of, why necessary, 167; sixth Vedāṅga, 167; (*Nakshatra-Vidyā*), 108; origin of 168 Asuras, non-Aryans, 22 Āsuri, later Vedic teacher, 120 Aśvala, later Vedic teacher, 119 Aśvalāyana, 73; origin of name, 711 Āśvalāyanas, 86 Aśvapati Kaikeya, Later Vedic teacher, 119 Aśvapati Kaikeya, King, boast of, (footnote) 102 Āśvayalāna text of Aitareyakam, 73 *Atha*, interpretation of term, 265; sense in which word is used, 261, 262 Atharva, Vedic Saṁhitā, 3 *Atharvāṅgirisaḥ*, explanation of, 109 Atharvaveda, 66, 505; institution of *Brahmacharya* expounded in, 66;