The University of Nalanda c10.79

c10.79

"Dharmakīrti," writes I-Tsing, "made a further improvement in Logic (after Jina)"³. The "improvement" referred to by I-Tsing appears to be the complete formulation of the *Trairūpa* theory. In his *Nyāya-bindu* he says, *anumānam dvidhā svārtham parārtham ca. Tatra svārtham liṅgādanumeya jñānam tadanumānam. Trairūpyam punar liṅgasyānumeya sattvameva. Sapakṣe sattvameva. Asapakṣe cāsattvameva niscitam. Trairūpāṇi ca triṇyeva liṅgam* *anupalabdhiḥ svabhāvakārya ceti*. Inference is of two kinds : For one's own self and for others. Inference for one's self is defined as the knowledge of the inferable derived through the reason or middle term bearing its three forms or characteristics. The three forms of the reason are the following: