Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c6.s5.2

c6.s5.2

The essence of philosophical thought under diverse schools was put in the texts comprising the Sūtras. The word heterodox is an English equivalent of the term *nāstika* and has been used in a wider sense not only to denote śramaṇa and Jaina traditions alone, but also all *nāstika* (non-orthodox, not subscribing to the final authority of the Veda or Śruti) systems.