Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c8.s5.40

c8.s5.40

Any substance to be real must occupy just one location in time (*kāla*) and space (*deśa*) and have only a singular nature (*svabhāva*). It cannot be present in several distinct objects over different times and places, and possess the many natures of the various particulars. The proponents of *jāti* or *sāmānya* envisage manifold placements of one and single *jāti* once and always. The concept of *tiryag lakṣaṇa* (horizontal placements) as well as *ūrdhvatā lakṣaṇa* (vertical placements) for the universals is not admissible in a universe that functions as per the theory of *kṣaṇabhaṅga* or *kṣaṇikatva* (momentariness).