金剛般若波羅蜜經略疏 1.57

1.57

就第二、校量除疑德內，有二：初約其義顯德無量并會初疑；二佛言須菩提若善男子善女人已下，顯其教勝功德無量，即會前第二疑。法雖不可取、不可說，而德不空故。故《論》云「受持法及說，不空於福德，福不趣菩提，二能趣菩提。」此偈演何義？受持及演說，二能趣菩提，少一即不成。文言福德聚者有二種聚：一者積聚義，即自分德；二者進趣義，則他分德。積聚之義是自分故，不能獨得菩提。云何福德聚第二進趣義？攝前積聚能至大菩提故。文云如來說福德聚福德聚，初福德聚是積聚福德聚，次福德聚是進趣福德聚。初云世尊是福德聚者，即單一福德聚。

Regarding the second [part], measuring [merit] to dispel doubts about merit, there are two: first, based on its meaning, it reveals that merit is immeasurable and resolves the first doubt; second, from "The Buddha said: 'Subhūti, if a good man or good woman...'" onward, it reveals that the teaching is superior and its merit immeasurable, which resolves the previous second doubt. This is because although phenomena cannot be grasped or spoken of, their merit is not empty. Therefore the *Treatise* says: "Upholding the Dharma and explaining it / Is not empty of merit; / Merit [alone] does not reach bodhi, / But both together can reach bodhi." What meaning does this verse expound? Upholding and explaining—the two together can reach bodhi; lacking either one, it is not accomplished. The text's phrase "heap of merit" has two kinds of heaps: first, the meaning of accumulation, which is merit belonging to one's own portion; second, the meaning of progressing forward, which is merit belonging to the other portion. Because the meaning of accumulation is one's own portion, it cannot achieve bodhi on its own. What is the heap of merit's second meaning of progressing forward? Because it subsumes the preceding accumulation and can reach great bodhi. The text says, "The Tathāgata speaks of a heap of merit, a heap of merit"; the first heap of merit is the heap of merit of accumulation, and the next heap of merit is the heap of merit of progressing forward. When it says at first, "World-Honored One, this heap of merit," that refers to a single, simple heap of merit.