大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 34.29

34.29

疏「三諸乘等別」，或有國土說一乘、或二或三或四五，如是乃至無有量。「或廣略」者，如釋迦如來廣制戒學，迦葉即略，乃至有佛夢中說法。「四或三學調攝」，即用前乘教等調攝眾生，或戒調練、或定以柔伏、或慧以攝御。言「強軟」者，即《勝鬘》意，已如上引。《淨名》亦云「此土眾生剛強難化，故佛為說剛強之語以調伏之，言是地獄、是畜生、是餓鬼、是愚人行處、是身邪行、是身邪行報等。譬如象馬𢤱戾不調，加諸楚毒乃至徹骨然後調伏。」

Regarding the Commentary's phrase: "Third, the distinctions of the various vehicles, and so forth": in some lands one vehicle is taught, or two, or three, or four, or five, up to immeasurable ones. As for "extensive or abbreviated": for instance, Śākyamuni Tathāgata extensively established the training in morality, whereas Kāśyapa was abbreviated, and there are even buddhas who preach the Dharma in dreams. "Fourth, or regulated and gathered by the three trainings": that is, using the aforementioned vehicles, teachings, and so forth to regulate and gather sentient beings—either tempered by morality, softened and subdued by samādhi, or gathered and controlled by wisdom. As for "hard and soft": this is the meaning of the Śrīmālā-sūtra, already cited above. The Vimalakīrtinirdeśa also states: "The sentient beings of this land are stubborn and difficult to transform, so the Buddha speaks harsh words to subdue them, saying: 'This is hell, this is animal, this is hungry ghost, this is the place of fools, this is bodily misdeed, this is the retribution for bodily misdeed,' and so forth. Just as an unruly, stubborn elephant or horse is inflicted with all kinds of pain and poison, even piercing to the bone, and only then is subdued."