大般涅槃經義記 10.62

10.62

第二段中，先明七人通局之義。始終通論「一人具七」，前後別分「七人各一」。下約顯謗。於中，初就菩提明謗、次就聖道、後就佛性。就菩提中，良以七人各別一故心口異想。「言一闡提定得菩提，謗佛法僧」，現未得故。內心乖法名為「異想」，口言乖法稱曰「異說」。又以一人具足七故，說言闡提不得菩提，是亦名為謗佛法僧，當來得故。就聖道中，良以七人各別一故，「說言八道，凡夫所得，謗佛法僧」，現未得故。又以一人具足七故，道言「八道非凡夫得」，是亦名為謗佛法僧，以當得故。就佛性中，亦以七人各別一故，有人說言「凡夫眾生有佛性性」謗佛法僧，現未證故。亦以一人具足七故，道言「眾生定無佛性，是亦名為謗佛法僧」，當必得故。

In the second section, he first clarifies the inclusive and restricted meanings of the seven kinds of persons: comprehensively discussed from beginning to end, "a single person is endowed with all seven"; distinctly divided from before to after, "each of the seven persons has one." Below, he reveals slander with reference to this. Therein, he first clarifies slander with respect to bodhi, next with respect to the noble path, and finally with respect to buddha-nature. Regarding bodhi: precisely because each of the seven persons is distinct, their thoughts in mind and speech in mouth differ. "Saying that an icchantika definitely attains bodhi slanders the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha," because in the present they have not yet attained it. An inner mind contrary to the Dharma is called "divergent thinking"; words spoken contrary to the Dharma are called "divergent speech." Furthermore, because a single person is fully endowed with all seven, saying that an icchantika cannot attain bodhi is also called slandering the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha, because in the future they will attain it. Regarding the noble path: precisely because each of the seven persons is distinct, "saying that the Eightfold Path is attained by ordinary persons slanders the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha," because in the present they have not yet attained it. Furthermore, because a single person is fully endowed with all seven, claiming that "the Eightfold Path is not attained by ordinary persons" is also called slandering the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha, because they will definitely attain it in the future. Regarding buddha-nature: also because each of the seven persons is distinct, if someone says, "ordinary beings have the nature of buddha-nature," this slanders the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha, because in the present they have not yet realized it. Also, because a single person is fully endowed with all seven, claiming that "sentient beings definitely have no buddha-nature is also called slandering the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha," because they will certainly attain it in the future.