大般涅槃經義記 8.8

8.8

Question: Why speak specifically of relish dhyāna? Pure and undefiled [dhyānas] exist only through cultivation; unlike relish concentration where, while one's body is in the lower ground, one constantly possesses its nature in that part of the higher ground that has not yet been severed, and hence it is taken as a simile. Question: Since relish dhyāna below all possesses what is above, for what reason does it speak specifically of the first ground? It provisionally adduces the first ground, and the rest can be known by analogy, so it is omitted from discussion. Another question: Why speak specifically of sentient beings of the desire realm all possessing it? In sentient beings of the desire realm, in relation to the relish of the first ground, it exists before it has arisen, resembling that greed which exists before it has arisen; hence it is specifically adduced. For one in the first dhyāna, it is said to exist when manifestly arisen, the principle being easily known, so why does it require discussion? From the second dhyāna upward, one does not possess the lower relish; for this reason it is not spoken of. "Whether cultivated or uncultivated, constantly possessing it" reveals the preceding "all possessing"; "attaining it when encountering conditions" reveals the preceding "possessing"; and from "causes and conditions" downward reveals the characteristics of the preceding conditions. Next is the application, and afterward the explanation; the text in all cases can be understood.