三彌勒經疏 1.161

1.161

問：輪王及其七寶一時滅死？答：《長阿含經》云「善見王忽然命終，如壯士一食飯。其王死七日，輪寶、珠寶不現，所餘五寶日日命終，城樓觀等皆變為土木」也。輪王命終，寶有瑞相，謂《長阿含經》云「金輪寶於虛空忽離本處，輪迴速往白王。王聞已言，王壽未滅。」《增一經》云「輪王命終後生三十三天。」如今者，一云如者夫也、今者現也。一云今釋迦有四大藏，彌勒亦爾，故云如今也。乾陀越者，此云他持，在北天竺也。伊羅鉢者是樹名，謂比丘析樹枝以受龍身，是故以業自樹也。諸珍物者，此四大藏各有四億小藏圍遶故。彌梯羅者，此云等共，在南天竺也。係綢者，此云黃頭，是龍名也。須賴吒者，此云黑色，在東天竺也。寶藏者，即賓伽羅大藏，此云黃眼，是亦龍名。係綢波羅捺者，此云紅澆，因水目名，在西天竺也。蠰佉者，《增一經》云「蠰佉大藏在波羅捺國」。此四寶藏者，《增一經》云「昔有長者，有四兒，勸令歸三寶矣。不從命，即時父雇黃金。爾時父將兒詣佛，問云：『此兒雇受歸依，得福不？』佛答：『亦得。』」謂未來彌勒出世時，當守護寶，為四龍王也。諸守藏人者，《增一經》云「爾時典藏人名善寶。爾時伊羅鉢等四龍王往至善寶所，語曰：『欲所須者，我等相給。』則四龍王以四藏寶奉上。」善寶取四藏也，寶即奉上蠰佉王也。問：何故彌勒時其七寶處處有，何今云惠施貧窮？答：約寶豐足，而對輪王，故云貧窮也。樹上生衣者，《長阿含經》云「欝單越土復有衣樹，謂菓熟時自然出種種衣。」今引彼為例也。

Question: Do the wheel-turning king and his seven treasures perish and die all at once? Answer: The Dīrgha Āgama says: 'King Mahāsudassana suddenly passed away, as swiftly as a stout man finishing a meal. Seven days after the king died, the wheel treasure and the jewel treasure disappeared, and the remaining five treasures passed away day by day; the city's towers, belvederes, and the like all reverted to soil and wood.' When a wheel-turning king passes away, the treasures have auspicious portents; namely, the Dīrgha Āgama says: 'The golden wheel treasure suddenly left its place in empty space, wheeled around, swiftly went [to the palace], and informed the king. Having heard this, the king said that the king's life had not yet come to an end.' The Ekottarika Āgama says: 'After passing away, the wheel-turning king is reborn in the heaven of the thirty-three [gods].' Regarding 'as nowadays' [in the sūtra]: one interpretation says that 'as' means an introductory particle, and 'nowadays' means the present. Another interpretation says: nowadays Śākyamuni has four great treasuries, and Maitreya does likewise, hence it says 'as nowadays'. Regarding Gandhāra: here translated as 'Held by Others', it is in northern India. Elāpatra is the name of a tree; it refers to a monk who snapped a tree branch and consequently received a naga body, so he named himself after the tree due to his karma. Regarding the 'various precious items': this is because each of these four great treasuries is surrounded by four hundred million minor treasuries. Regarding Mithilā: here translated as 'Equal and Shared', it is in southern India. Regarding Haridra: here translated as 'Yellow Head', it is the name of a naga. Regarding Surāṣṭra: here translated as 'Black-Colored', it is in eastern India. The 'jewel treasury' is the great Piṅgala treasury, here translated as 'Yellow Eye', which is also the name of a naga. Regarding Vārāṇasī: here translated as 'Red Stream', named after a body of water, it is in western India. Regarding Śaṅkha: the Ekottarika Āgama says: 'The great Śaṅkha treasury is in the kingdom of Vārāṇasī.' Regarding these four jewel treasuries: the Ekottarika Āgama says: 'In the past there was an elder who had four sons whom he urged to take refuge in the Three Jewels. They did not obey his command, whereupon the father hired them with yellow gold. At that time, the father took the sons to the Buddha and asked: "These sons received the refuges through hiring; do they obtain merit?" The Buddha answered: "They also obtain it."' This refers to them guarding the treasures as four naga kings when Maitreya appears in the world in the future. Regarding the 'various treasure-guardians': the Ekottarika Āgama says: 'At that time the officer in charge of the treasuries will be named Subhadra. At that time the four naga kings, such as Elāpatra, will go to Subhadra's place and say: "Whatever you need, we shall supply it to you." Then the four naga kings will offer up the treasures of the four treasuries.' Subhadra takes the four treasuries, and then offers the treasures to King Śaṅkha. Question: Why is it that in Maitreya's time these seven treasures exist everywhere, yet it now speaks of 'bestowing on the poor'? Answer: In terms of the abundance of treasures, they are considered poor in comparison with the wheel-turning king, hence it says 'the poor'. Regarding 'garments growing on trees': the Dīrgha Āgama says: 'In the land of Uttarakuru there are also garment trees; when their fruits ripen, various garments emerge naturally.' This is now cited as a parallel.