維摩經略疏垂裕記 6.129

6.129

Second, the senior leader expounding for them. As for "Judging in accordance with the Vinaya," if they violated a fundamental [precept], they ought to practice repentance; if they violated a preliminary stage, they ought to repent of the *sthūlātyaya*; if originally there was no intention, it does not constitute a transgression. In "Or teaching..." below, it means questioning their actual state of mind. If originally there was intention, it must be confessed and extinguished; for both the primary offense and preliminary stages, the Saṅgha must be assembled. If one violates a heavy [precept], the *Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya* says, "If, having committed an offense, one weeps, does not wish to depart from the kāṣāya, and deeply delights in the Buddha-Dharma, they should be granted the karman of practicing repentance, and then thirty-five matters should be stripped from them, etc." If one violates a *sthūlātyaya*, the *Ten-Recitation Vinaya* says, "When a heavy offense arises in the first class [pārājika], this is a proximate preliminary stage—meaning body and speech were applied but not yet fully consummated—one should repent among the entire Saṅgha. If a light offense arises in the first class or a heavy offense arises in the second class [saṅghāvaśeṣa], one should repent among four monks outside the boundary. If a light offense arises in the saṅghāvaśeṣa class, one should repent before a single monk." Thus, assembling the Saṅgha has two distinct kinds: within the boundary and outside the boundary; and karman is divided into three kinds: mental resolution, face-to-face [with another monk], and by the Saṅgha assembly. Here, to clarify repenting offenses, the Saṅgha assembly and face-to-face types are used. Therefore Jingxi says: Assembling the Saṅgha is only of two kinds; karman applies to all three; whether extinguished or not is distinguished as usual. Upāli expounded for those offenders according to the Vinaya characteristics described above; hence it says he explained it for them according to the Dharma.