淨名玄論 5.35

5.35

Question: What are called afflictions of provisional designation and afflictions of real dharmas? Answer: Masters of the Tattvasiddhi-śāstra say: Conditions that grasp the provisional and are deluded about the provisional are called afflictions of provisional designation, namely delusion regarding provisional persons, dharmas, and so forth. Conditions that grasp the real and are deluded about the real are called afflictions of real dharmas, such as delusion regarding the five sensory objects and so forth. We now clarify that this is merely the doctrine of a single section of the Tripiṭaka. As for the Mahāyāna afflictions of the provisional and real: what was just clarified as provisional designation is the provisional affliction, and what was previously [called] real is the real affliction. Why? Dharmas have never been either provisional or real. Now that there are these [notions of] provisional and real, how could they not be afflictions? Question: Does the Mahāyāna also have the meaning of provisional designation and real dharmas? Answer: The two truths are provisional designations; nonduality is the middle path, which is dharmatā, and is therefore called real dharmas. Delusion regarding the conditioned provisional designation of the two truths is called provisional affliction; delusion regarding the nondual dharmatā is designated as real affliction. Question: How is one deluded? Answer: Nonduality [differentiating into] two is called the two truths. The two [being] nondual is the middle path. Positing that the two truths are definitively two is called delusion about the provisional. Positing that nonduality is definitively nondual is called delusion about the real. Furthermore, dharmas of two and nondual are called provisional; neither two nor nondual is truly called real. Delusion regarding this provisional and real is called affliction.