金光明最勝王經疏 1.38

1.38

二、依三寶釋經名者，此經或依佛寶立名，以明三身及壽量故。或依法寶立名，以通教理行果故。或依僧寶立名，明十地行，能行假者是僧寶故。或通依三寶以立經名，故八卷經夢懺願云：「我當安止住於十地，十種珍寶以為脚足，成佛無上功德光明。」能安住者僧，所住十地是法，所成者佛，功德光明通於三種。三寶光明如何名勝？且佛光明，如〈滅業障品〉云「依妙靜慮，從身毛孔放大光明，無量百千種種諸色諸佛剎土悉現光中，十方恒河沙校量辟喻所不能及。五濁惡世為光所照，是諸眾生作十惡業、五無間罪、誹謗三寶、不孝尊親、輕慢師長婆羅門眾，應墮地獄、餓鬼、傍生，彼各蒙光至所住處。」乃至云「因光力故皆得安樂，端正殊妙色相具足，福智莊嚴得見諸佛。」此中有十二種勝餘光明：一因勝，從妙靜慮；二能起發勝，佛身故；三自性勝，百千色；四能現勝，諸佛土；五校量勝，喻不及；六慈悲勝，照五濁；七滅惡勝，作十惡業至婆羅門眾；八拔苦勝，應墮地獄，乃至云至所住處；九與樂勝，因光力故皆得安樂；十莊嚴勝，端正殊妙色相具足；十一菩提資糧勝，福智莊嚴；十二親近勝，得見諸佛。法僧光勝，引文可知。

Second, interpreting the title of the sūtra based on the Three Jewels: this sūtra is either named in reliance on the Buddha Jewel, because it explains the three bodies and the life span; or named in reliance on the Dharma Jewel, because it encompasses teaching, principle, practice, and fruition; or named in reliance on the Saṃgha Jewel, because it explains the practice of the ten grounds, and the conventional persons who can practice are the Saṃgha Jewel; or named in reliance on all Three Jewels together. Therefore, the dream confession aspiration in the eight-fascicle sūtra says: 'I shall securely abide in the ten grounds, with the ten kinds of precious jewels as my feet, accomplishing the Buddha's unsurpassed light of merit.' The one who can securely abide is the Saṃgha; the ten grounds resided in are the Dharma; that which is accomplished is the Buddha; and the light of merit encompasses all three. How is the light of the Three Jewels called 'supreme'? First, as for the Buddha's light, the 'Chapter on the Eradication of Karmic Obstacles' says: 'Relying on wonderful dhyāna, he emits great light from the pores of his body, and immeasurable hundreds of thousands of diverse colors and buddha-lands all appear within this light, beyond what can be reached by the calculation or analogies of the sands of the Ganges in the ten directions. The evil world of the five turbidities is illuminated by this light; those sentient beings who committed the ten unwholesome actions and the five heinous sins of uninterrupted retribution, slandered the Three Jewels, were unfilial to their respected parents, and showed disrespect to their teachers, elders, and the brāhmaṇas, and who were destined to fall into hell, hungry ghosts, or animals, each received this light reaching their dwelling place.' It further says up to: 'Due to the power of the light, all attain peace and joy, are endowed with upright, exquisite physical marks, and adorned with merit and wisdom, they come to see the buddhas.' In this there are twelve ways in which it surpasses other lights: first, supremacy of cause, arising from wonderful dhyāna; second, supremacy of that which initiates it, because it is the Buddha's body; third, supremacy of its intrinsic nature, having hundreds of thousands of colors; fourth, supremacy of what it manifests, all buddha-lands; fifth, supremacy in calculation, being beyond analogy; sixth, supremacy of compassion, illuminating the five turbidities; seventh, supremacy in eradicating evil, reaching from those committing the ten unwholesome actions up to [disrespecting] the brāhmaṇas; eighth, supremacy in extirpating suffering, from those destined to fall into hell up to it reaching their dwelling places; ninth, supremacy in bestowing joy, because due to the power of the light all attain peace and joy; tenth, supremacy of adornment, being endowed with upright, exquisite physical marks; eleventh, supremacy of the provisions for bodhi, being adorned with merit and wisdom; twelfth, supremacy of intimacy, coming to see the buddhas. The supremacy of the light of the Dharma and the Saṃgha can be known by citing the texts.