四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.321

1.321

一言訶責者。先出其過，後明正治。言過多種，《四分》等律總處明之。若對僧比丘前倒說四事：謂破戒者，破前三聚；破見者，謂六十二見；破威儀者，下四聚等；破正命者，謂非法乞求，邪意活命，則有五種四種。言五邪者：一謂為求利養，改常威儀，詐現異相；二謂說己功德；三者高聲現威；四者說己所得利養，激動令施；五者為求利故，強占他吉凶。言四邪者：一方邪者，通使四方為求衣食；二仰邪者，謂上觀星象盈虛之相；三者下邪，即耕田種殖種種下業；四者四維口食，習小小呪術以邀利活命。此《智論》解也。律中非法說法、法說非法。

First, regarding censure: First bring out the fault, and afterward explain the proper disciplinary measure. As for the faults, there are many kinds; the Dharmaguptaka and other Vinayas explain them in summary. If before the saṃgha and bhikṣus one perversely teaches the four matters: that is, breaking the precepts means breaking the first three categories; breaking views means the sixty-two views; breaking deportment means the lower four categories and so on; breaking right livelihood means improper begging and sustaining life with an evil mind, of which there are five kinds and four kinds. The five improper livelihoods are: first, for the sake of seeking gain, changing ordinary deportment and deceptively displaying extraordinary marks; second, speaking of one's own virtues; third, raising one's voice to display authority; fourth, speaking of the gains one has received to provoke others to give; fifth, for the sake of seeking gain, forcibly divining others' good and bad fortune. The four improper livelihoods are: first, improper livelihood of the cardinal directions, acting as a messenger in the four directions to seek clothing and food; second, improper livelihood of looking upward, observing the signs of the waxing and waning of constellations above; third, downward improper livelihood, plowing fields, planting crops, and various menial tasks; fourth, livelihood of the mouth in the four corners, practicing minor spells to solicit gain and sustain life. This is the explanation in the Mahāprajñāpāramitōpadeśa. In the Vinaya, it is stating what is not Dharma to be Dharma, and stating Dharma to be what is not Dharma.