四分律行事鈔資持記 2.958

2.958

釋中，初文為三，初示地相。律云若未掘，即是生地，易知故略。但明已掘，文中二相；初約四月，謂經時故；二約被雨，由滋潤故；由此二緣還成生地，故不可掘。四月不論被雨，被雨不待四月。（有以四月被雨為一事，此未見律文。）若用下，明掘傷。钁即鍫類，耒謂手耕之具。扴古黠反，謂以手物揩動。作地想者，結過由心。若不下，明使人不教，先犯此罪。

In the explanation, the first passage has three parts: first, showing the marks of earth. The Vinaya says that if it has not yet been dug, it is raw earth; this is easy to know, so it is omitted. It only clarifies earth that has already been dug, which in the text has two marks: first, according to four months, meaning that time has elapsed; second, according to being rained upon, due to moisture; by these two conditions it reverts to raw earth, so it must not be dug. For four months, being rained upon is not considered; for being rained upon, one does not wait for four months. (Some take four months and being rained upon as a single matter, but this is not seeing the Vinaya text.) From "If using..." onward, it clarifies digging and harming. The hoe is a type of shovel; the spade refers to an implement for manual plowing. The character sha (扴), pronounced in the ancient fanqie as x-a, means rubbing or shifting with the hand or an object. Conceiving it as earth means incurring the fault due to the mind. From "If not..." onward, it clarifies that employing someone without instructing them first incurs this offense.