四分律行事鈔資持記 3.495

3.495

次科，初引《十誦》，上二句標同。謂三品大小也。又下，示異。彼明下鉢受兩鉢他，鉢他即梵國量名。準下一鉢他半，為周一斗，即唐三升三合強；餘半鉢他，為周三升三合，即唐一升強，總計唐升四升已上為下品量。故註引《僧祇》合之。應知彼律四升，即據下品鉢他羅；他與多，音之轉耳。《僧祇》在宋朝翻，尺斗並依元魏，大同唐朝，故用四升為下鉢也。次引《婆論》會同《四分》，文為五段，初標示。論師即彼論自指。謂下，二定鉢他量。釜飯謂釜中[火*(電-雨+大)]熟者。時人下三合鉢量。餘可食者，謂蔬菜等。則上鉢共受四鉢他半。一鉢他，秦斗計有六升六合半強（唐二升二合強）。四鉢他總二斗六升六合半強（唐九升弱）；餘半鉢他，計三升三合強（唐一升計）；共成三斗（唐為二斗）。律師下，四引異議。中下例餘二品，斗半為下品，即今五升，中間為中品。見下，五引證。此文欲明親承古式，則前定品量，有所準據矣。後引《母論》證上，可知。

In the next section, first the *Daśādhyāya-vinaya* is cited; the upper two sentences indicate agreement. This refers to the sizes of the three grades. From "Moreover" onward shows the differences. That text clarifies that the inferior bowl holds two *prasthas*, *prastha* being the name of a measure in India. According to what follows, one and a half *prasthas* makes one Zhou bushel, which is slightly more than three Tang pecks and three *hé*; the remaining half *prastha* makes three Zhou pecks and three *hé*, which is slightly more than one Tang peck. In total, four Tang pecks or more constitute the measure of the inferior grade. Therefore, the note cites the *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya* to harmonize it. One should know that the four pecks of that vinaya are based on the inferior *pātra*; *tha* and *tra* are phonetic shifts. The *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya* was translated under the Liu Song dynasty, where the rules for feet and bushels both followed the Northern Wei, which was largely the same as the Tang dynasty; hence four pecks are taken as the inferior bowl. Next, the *Sarvāstivāda Vinaya Vibhāṣā* is cited to harmonize it with the *Dharmaguptaka-vinaya*. The text has five paragraphs: First, the indication. "The master of the treatise" refers to that treatise itself. From "Refers to" onward, the second determines the measure of a *prastha*. "Cauldron rice" refers to rice thoroughly steamed and cooked in a cauldron. From "People of the time" onward, the third combines the bowl's measure. "Other edible things" refers to vegetables and the like. Thus the superior bowl holds four and a half *prasthas* in total. One *prastha* is calculated by the Qin bushel as slightly more than six pecks, six *hé* and a half (slightly more than two Tang pecks and two *hé*). Four *prasthas* total slightly more than two bushels, six pecks, six *hé* and a half (slightly less than nine Tang pecks); the remaining half *prastha* is calculated as slightly more than three pecks and three *hé* (calculated as one Tang peck); together they make three bushels (two Tang bushels). From "The vinaya master" onward, the fourth cites differing opinions. The middle and lower are analogized to the remaining two grades: one and a half bushels is the lower grade, which is five pecks today; between them is the middle grade. From "Seen" onward, the fifth cites evidence. This text intends to clarify that it directly received the ancient formula, so that the previously established grade measures have a standard to rely upon. Later, the *Mātṛkā* is cited to corroborate the above, which can be understood.